滴灌施氮水平下玉米籽粒灌浆过程模拟
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(宁夏大学农学院,宁夏 银川 750021)

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付江鹏(1995-),男,甘肃华亭人,硕士研究生,主要从事作物高产优质高效栽培研究。E-mail:fjp951208@126.com。

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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31560339);宁夏自然基金项目(2019AAC03068);宁夏回族自治区科技重大专项(2018BBF0200404);宁夏回族自区重点研发计划项目(2018BBF02018、2019BBF03009);西夏区科技局项目(2018XXKJ01)。


Simulation of maize grain filling process under nitrogen drip irrigation
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(School of Agriculture,NingxiaUniversity,Yinchuan Ningxia750021)

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    摘要:

    为了揭示水肥一体化条件下不同施氮水平对玉米籽粒灌浆过程的影响,2017~ 2018年在宁夏农垦平吉堡农场进行田间试验,供试品种为“天赐 19”,在0、90、180、270、360和 450 kg/hm26个施氮水平(分别用N0、N1、N2、N3、N4和 N5表示)下,基于 Richards方程构建和验证了滴灌水肥一体化条件下不同氮素处理中玉米籽粒灌浆过程模型,并进行灌浆特征参数分析。结果表明,不同氮素水平下玉米籽粒灌浆规律均符合 Rich-ards曲线,模型评价指标均方根误差 RMSE为 1.03g/kg,标准化均方根误差 n-RMSE为5.56%,稳定度较高。籽粒灌浆速率呈先增后减的变化趋势,将灌浆进程划分为渐增期、速增期和缓增期 3个阶段。施氮显著增加籽粒干物质累积量,其原因主要是延长灌浆持续期和增加灌浆速率。施氮 270 kg/hm2对增加速增期的灌浆天数效果显著,使速增期对最终籽粒干物质积累量的贡献率达到了 64%,并且能维持较高的后期灌浆活性。本文基于 Richards方程构建的籽粒灌浆过程模型将在滴灌玉米灌浆期准确地预测籽粒灌浆特性。

    Abstract:

    In order to reveal the effects of different nitrogen application levels on maize grain filling process under water andfertilizer integration conditions,field trials were conducted in Ningxia Farming Pingjibao Farm from 2017 tO2018.Thetest variety was“Tianci19”at0,90,180,270,360 and 450 kg/hm2nitrogen levels(represented byN0,N1,N2,N3,N4 and N5 respectively).Based on Richards equation,the model of grain filling process under different nitrogentreatments fertilization with drip irrigation and was constructed and verified,and the filling parameters wereanalyzed.Theresults showed that the filling rules of maize grain at different nitrogen levels were consistent with Richardscurve,the modelevaluation index RMSE was 1.03 g/kg,and the standardized root mean square error(n -RMSE)was5.56%.The grain -filling rate increased first and thendecreased,and the grain -filling process was divided into threestages:gradual increasingstage,rapid increasing stage and slow increasingstage.Nitrogen application significantly increased dry matter accumulationingrains,mainly due to the extension of grout duration and the increase of groutrate.Nitrogen application of 270 kg/hm2 had a significant effect on the number of days of grain-filling during the accelerated growthperiod,which resulting in 64%of contribution rate for the rapid growth period to the final dry matter accumulation ofgrains,and maintaining a high activity of grain-filling in the laterperiod.In thispaper,the grain filling process model based on Richards equation will accuratelypredict the grain filling characteristics during the filling period of drip irrigationmaize.

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付江鹏,贺正,贾彪,刘志,李振洲,刘慧芳,刘根红.滴灌施氮水平下玉米籽粒灌浆过程模拟[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(4):157-164.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-08
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-10-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-09-14
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