Diversity of carbon metabolism function in microbial community is an important indicator of soilmanagement.Inthis study，soil samples from Camellia oleifera plantation at different slope positions in purple soil erosion area in Ninghuacounty，Fujian province were taken as research objects.Biolog technology was used to study the carbon source utilization capacity of soil microorganisms under three organic fertilizer treatments including natural organic material organic fertilizer(T1)，organic -inorganic compound fertilizer(T2)and livestock manure organic fertilizer(T3)and no fertilizationtreatment(CK).The results are asfollows:Average rate of color change of absorptionvalue(AWCD)of soil at differentslope positions under T1，T2 and T3 treatments increased compared with those before fertilization，while AWCD valuesof soil under CK treatments did not change significantly.The order of AWCD increase under different treatments showedas:T2>T1>T3>CK；The order of Shannon diversity index，Simpson dominance index and McIntosh dominance index wasT2>T1>T3>CK；Under the same treatment，AWCD values，Shannon diversity index，Simpson dominance index andMcIntosh evenness index of different slope positions presented a trend of lower slope>middle slope>upperslope.Shannonindex had extremely significant or significant negative correlation with soil bulk density and natural water content，andextremely significant or significant positive correlation with pH value，the content of total carbon and total nitrogen.TheMcIntosh index was extremely significant or significant positively correlated with soil bulk density，natural moisturecontent，pHvalue，the content of total carbon and totalnitrogen.Amino acids were the main carbon sources used by soilmicroorganisms under different fertilizationtreatments.Principal component analysis showed that soil microorganisms underT1，T2 and T3 treatment had significantly different utilization of 6 types of carbonsources，compared with CKtreatment.T1and T3 treatment had similar utilization of 6 types of carbonsources；and compared with T1 andT3，the difference betweenT2 treatment and their utilization of 6 types of carbon sources was mainly the utilization ofcarbohydrates.Inconclusion，the application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is most conducive to the improvement of soil microbial activity of Camellia oleiferaplantation in purple hillyarea.The above conclusions can provide a basis for in depth research on the establishmentof rational fertilization system and agricultural optimization management in purple hillyarea.