The effects of PGPR inoculants on the number and community structure of bacteria in chilli rhizosphere soil under field conditions are investigated to provide a theoretical basis for further exploring growth-promoting mechanism of theseinoculants. Three treatments aredesigned，including PGPR inoculants plus 100% chemical fertilizer(PGPR -CF1)，PGPRinoculants plus 80% chemical fertilizer(PGPR -CF2)and 100% chemical fertilizer(CK). The PGPRinoculants，consistedof four bacterial strains，are irrigated to chilli ’s roots. And then V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene in the rhizosphere is sequenced by Paired-end using Illumina-MiSeqplatform，combining with measurements of functional bacteria numbers and yield indexes of chilli. The effects on bacteria numbers and community structure in chilli rhizosphere soil are compared andanalyzed based on above results. The result shows that the number of bacteria and functionalbacteria，including nitrogen -fixingbacteria，phosphorus -dissolving bacteria and potassium-insolubingbacteria，increase significantly after root irrigationwith PGPR，the bacterial abundance and diversity in group treated with PGPR inoculants are higher than controlgroup，but the bacterial dominance of PGPR-CF1 and CK are higher than PGPR-CF2. Under the similarity level of97%，the OTUsnumber ofCK，PGPR -CF1 and PGPR-CF2 are 2153，2 337 and 2358，respectively，by cluster analysis of 573 896valid sequences；The dominant phylum in the chilli rhizosphere soil of all treatments areAcidobacteria，Actinobacteria，Bacteroidetes，Chloroflexi，Planctomycetes，Proteobacteria. The relative abundance ratios were 83.7%(PGPR -CF1)，79.55%(PGPR -CF2)and79.77%(CK)，respectively.However，the relative abundance of orders such asBacillales，Burkholderiales，Sphingobacteriales，etc.，are increased after the irrigation with PGPRinoculants，the otherorders，suchasGemmatimonadales，Actinomycetes，etc.，are the opposite. Chilli yield and weight of single fruit are positively correlated with the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the chilli rhizosphere soil based on Pearson indexes. PGPR inoculants improvenumbers of bacteria and functional bacteria in rhizosphere soil，impact on the rhizobacterial diversity and communitystructure，and increase the yields of chilli.