绿肥种植配施减量氮肥对橘园土壤肥力及果实质量的影响
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(华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北 武汉 430070)

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田想 (1997-),男,湖北蕲春人,硕士研究生,从事环境生态学研究。E-mail:Ricardo_tian@163.com。

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基金项目:国家重点研发计划 (2017YFD0202000)。


Effects of planting green manure and reduced nitrogen fertilizer application on soil fertility and fruit quality in citrus orchard
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(College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong AgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan Hubei430070)

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    摘要:

    果园种植绿肥可以改善土壤理化特性,减少养分流失,从而改善树体营养状况,提高果实产量和品质,因此可以一定程度上替代矿质化肥的施用。通过在湖北省当阳市凤凰山柑橘基地进行田间小区试验,设置5个施肥处理:当地常规施氮量(N100),种植绿肥但不施氮肥(GN0),种植绿肥配施当地常规施氮量的 70%(GN70),种植绿肥配施当地常规施氮量的 85%(GN85)和种植绿肥配施当地常规施氮量(GN100),探究减施氮肥下种植绿肥对橘园土壤肥力、果实产量和品质的影响。研究结果表明:与 N100相比,在橘园种植光叶苕子 75 kg·hm-2,并减施 30%以内的氮肥处理(GN70、GN85、GN100),对橘园土壤肥力(总氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾、微量元素 Fe、Mn、Cu和 Zn等)、柑橘果实产量和品质(果实纵径、皮厚、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素 C、可食率等)均无显著影响。该研究说明在当阳橘园种植绿肥 75 kg·hm -2可以替代 30%氮肥的施用,且不会降低土壤肥力以及柑橘的产量和品质,研究结果可为柑橘园绿肥种植的推广以及氮肥的减施提供理论依据和

    Abstract:

    Planting green manure in orchard can improve soil physical and chemicalproperties,then reduce nutrientloss, improve tree nutrition as well as fruit yield and quality.Therefore,the use of mineral fertilizers can be replaced partially by planting green manure.Five fertilization treatments were set up in Fenghuangshan Citrus Base of DangyangCity,Hubei Province,namely,the local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(N100),planting green manure without N application(GN0),planting green manure with 70% of the local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(GN70),planting green manure with 85% of the local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(GN85),planting green manure withlocal conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(GN100).The effects of Vicia villosavar.glabrescens planting with reducednitrogen fertilization on soilfertility,fruit yield and quality in citrus orchard wereinvestigated.The results showed that in the first year of planting V.villosavar.glabrescens of 75 kg·hm-2in the citrusorchard,the soil fertility(totalnitrogen,alkali -hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,trace elementsFe,Mn,Cu andZn),the fruit yieldand quality(fruit longitudinal diameter,peel thickness,soluble solids,titratableacid,vitamin C and ediblerate) were notsignificantly affected by reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer by30%.This study indicates that green manure planting of 75 kg·hm-2in citrus orchards can replace the application of chemical fertilizer at30%,and it will not reduce the soil fertilityand the yield and quality of citrusfruits.The results can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the promotion of green manure planting and the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer application in citrus orchards.

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田想,张威,伍玉鹏,胡荣桂,罗越,姜炎彬.绿肥种植配施减量氮肥对橘园土壤肥力及果实质量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(6):197-204.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-14
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-12-16
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-21
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