常规农业村土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价——山西寿阳县为例
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作者单位:

(1.山西财经大学资源环境学院,山西 太原 030006;2.河南大学农业与农村可持续发展研究所 /环境与规划学院,河南 开封 475004)

作者简介:

韩晋仙(1977-),女,山西寿阳人,讲师,硕士,主要从事土壤重金属污染研究。E-mail:hanjinxian2009@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41971222);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(15JJDZONGHE008);河南省自然科学基金项目(182300410144);河南大学一流学科创新团队培育项目(2018YLTD16)。


Assessment of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks of farmland soils in conventional agricultural villages-A case study in Shouyang county of Shanxi province
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(1.Department of Resources and Environment,Shanxi University ofFinance and Economics,Taiyuan Shanxi030006;2.College of Environment and Planning/ Institute of SustainableDevelopment in Agriculture and RuralArea,HenanUniversity,Kaifeng Henan475004)

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    摘要:

    以山西省寿阳县 7个典型常规农业村耕地为研究对象,采集耕作层 126个土壤样品,测定其 Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Ni、Cr、Zn 8种重金属的含量。运用单因子污染指数法(P)、污染负荷指数法(PLI)和潜在生态风险评价法(RI)评价土壤重金属污染和潜在生态风险程度,应用空间插值法探讨土壤重金属污染和潜在生态风险空间分布,并对重金属污染的来源进行讨论。结果表明:该区域土壤除 As的平均含量低于山西省土壤元素背景值外,其余重金属元素平均含量均高于山西省土壤元素背景值,Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr和 Hg的平均含量分别为山西省元素背景值的1.03、1.03、1.13、1.15、1.55、1.72和 2.26倍。从单因子污染指数看,Hg属于中度污染,Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb为轻微污染,As则没有发生污染。从综合污染指数看,该区域土壤 8种重金属所有样点的 PLI平均为 1.09,总体上属于轻度污染。从综合潜在生态风险指数看,所有样点 8种重金属的 RI平均为151.47,属于中度生态风险水平,其中 Hg和 Cd为主要贡献因子,其他重金属的生态风险很低。该区域 PLI和 RI的空间分析显示,8种重金属污染和潜在生态风险均呈现一定的空间差异,但二者的空间分布格局基本一致。在局地自然地理条件基本一致的情况下,雾霾、燃煤、煤矿生产以及农业生产是造成该区土壤重金属含量增加的重要原因,而农户行为则可能是造成部分地块土壤重金属污染和生态风险突出的原因之一。

    Abstract:

    One hundred and twenty-six farmlandtopsoil(0~ 20cm)samples were collected from the seven conventionalagricultural villages,Shouyang county,Shanxi province,China,and then the concentrations of Cd,Hg,As,Cu,Pb,Ni,Cr and Zn in the samples were measured by standard methods.Soil pollution levels and potential ecological risks ofheavy metals were assessed using single factor pollution index(P),pollution load index(PLI)and potential ecologicalrisk index(RI),respectively.Ordinary Kriging interpolation technique was employed to investigate the spatial distribution of PLI and RIof in the seven conventional agriculturalvillages.The results showed that content of As in farmland soils in theseven conventional villages was less than the soil background of Shanxiprovince,the average concentrations ofCu,Ni,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr and Hg in farmland soils in the seven conventional villages were1.03,1.03,1.13,1.15,1.55,1.72 and 2.26times of the soil background of Shanxiprovince.The results of single factor pollution index showed that there was moderatepollution ofHg,slight pollution ofCd,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn andCr,and no pollution of As in farmland soils in Shouyangcounty.The mean PLI of eight heavy metals in all the sample points was1.09,which was categorized as slightpollution.The average RI was 151.47 which represented a moderate ecological risk and mainly caused by Hg andCd,other metals werein lowrisk.The distribution of PLI and RI showed some spatial differences with high value area and low valuearea,but PLIand RI shared a similar spatial distribution.When the local physical and geographical conditions are basically the same,haze,coal combustion,coal production and agricultural production are the important resources of soil heavy metals in thisarea,and the behavior of farmers may be one of the reasons for heavy metal pollution and ecological risk in some plots, which should be paid attention to.

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韩晋仙,李二玲,班凤梅.常规农业村土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价——山西寿阳县为例[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(6):246-253.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-30
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-12-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-21
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