In view of the problems of the degradation of Rehmannia glutinosa varieties，the decline of yield and the reduction of efficacy in the Yellow River region，the effects of different application rates of bio-organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient content of Rehmannia glutinosa and the changes of soil nutrients in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil were studied.The results showed that the number of root tubers，root diameter，yield and quality of Rehmannia glutinosa were significantly increased by applying bio-organic fertilizer when compared with conventional fertilization.With the increase of bio-organic fertilizer application，the accumulation of macro elements in the rhizome of Rehmannia glutinosa increased，especially the accumulation of total phosphorus(P)in Rehmannia glutinosa was much higher than the accumulation of total nitrogen(N)and potassium(K).Compared with conventional fertilization，the pH value of rhizosphere soil was significantly decreased by the application of bio-organic fertilizer，and the contents of organic matter，total nitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium in rhizosphere soil were increased，and soil fertility was improved.Considering the changes of the yield，quality，nutrient accumulation and soil fertility of Rehmannia glutinosa，the application rate of bio-organic fertilizer 4500 kg/hm² is a reasonable fertilizer application method for medium fertility rehmannia fields in the Yellow River region.