Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer can increase the content of nitrate and nitrite in vegetables and easily cause environmental pollution.Based on the optimization of fertilization formula，four treatments were set up in this study，namely fertilizer treatment，20%，40% and 60% chemical fertilizer replaced by organic fertilizer in order to study the effects of organic fertilizer replacement of nitrogen on growth，quality and soil properties of pepper.The same amount of nitrogen fertilizer was used in the four treatments.No significant difference in pepper yield was found among the different treatments.Concentration of Vc in pepper significantly increased after the chemical nitrogen was replaced by organic fertilizer，while the concentration of nitrite decreased.Compared with chemical fertilizer treatment，the biomass of leaves，stems，plant height and crown width of pepper in 40% and 60% organic fertilizer treatments were lower than those of chemical fertilizer and 20% replacing treatment.The replacement of organic fertilizer for nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased soil pH and soil organic matter content.In summary，the replacement of nitrogen fertilizer by organic fertilizer in pepper planting of Hainan province did not cause the decline of growth，yield and appearance quality of pepper in early stage，and was conducive to acid soil improvement，and the reasonable replacement ratio was 20%.