In this paper，the food waste was filtered，de-oiled and desalinated，and vermicomposted in a certain proportion with mushroom residue to produce the vermicompost. Then the food waste vermicompost，peat，perlite，and vermiculite were mixed with different proportions to select the best substrate for Chinese cabbage seedings through the analysis of Chinese cabbage growth. The results showed that，the EC value of the food waste gradually decreased after treatment，and the organic matter and nutrient content were high，which could be used as food of earthworms. Compared with the conventional substrate，the addition of different proportions of food waste vermicompost promoted the emergence rate，plant height，stem diameter，above-ground biomass and root activity of Chinese cabbage in different degrees. In all treatments，the comprehensive effect of 40% food waste vermicompost，20% peat，15% perlite and 25% vermiculite is the best，which is the best substrate formula for the growth of Chinese cabbage.