The continuous cropping obstacle of Hami melon (Cucumis melo var. saccharinus)has become an important factor restricting its industrial development.In order to find out the effect of continuous cropping years on soil nutrients and enzyme activities，the characteristics of nutrients and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil of Hami melon fields with different continuous cropping years in Eastern Turpan were analyzed.The results showed that:1)With the increase of continuous cropping years，the contents of organic matter，total nitrogen，total phosphorus，microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen in Hami melon rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil increased first and then decreased，and reached the maximum value in 6 to 10 years；2)With the increase of continuous cropping years，there was no significant difference in the activity of catalase between different continuous cropping years，and the activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased first and then increased.The activities of urease，sucrase and cellulase increased first and then decreased，and reached the maximum in 6 to 10 years；3)Soil nutrients and enzyme activities are affected by continuous cropping years and soil sampling area，among which continuous cropping years account for a large proportion.When continuous cropping years are 6～10 years，soil nutrient content and overall enzyme activity remain at a high level，and then decrease year by year.