The degradation efficiency of rice straw is an important indicator to measure the utilization rate of straw returning to the field.The brittle straw rice straw is easy to break and has important application value in returning straw to the field.The study aimed to determine the straw degradation characteristics of a brittle rice cultivar ‘Kefujing 7’； and investigate the effects on soil aggregates.Rice cultivar ‘Yangjing 113’ was treated as the control cultivar.Straw degradation characteristics were assessed under aerobic，anaerobic，acid enzyme induced，and base enzyme induced degradation conditions，respectively.The results showed that，the degradation rates for the stem，leaf sheath，and leaf of ‘Kefujing 7’ were 15.11%，5.66% and 9.27% greater than those of the control cultivar(P<0.05)under acid enzyme induced degradation conditions，respectively； while they were 13.18%，12.31% and 11.01% greater than those of the control cultivar(P<0.05)under base enzyme induced degradation conditions，respectively.The mass loss，cellulose degradation rate，and hemicellulose degradation rate for the straw of ‘Kefujing 7’ were significantly greater than those of the control cultivar.At the end of the degradation experiments，mean weight diameter of the soil was significantly greater in the ‘Kefujing 7’ treatment than in the control test； while percentage of aggregate destruction of the soil was significantly lower in the ‘Kefujing 7’ treatment than in the control test.Overall，compared with the control cultivar，the studied brittle rice cultivar ‘Kefujing 7’ has greater straw degradation rates and can improve soil structures，which was critical to improving the efficiency of returning straw to the field.