In order to clarify the effects of water-fertilizer combination on watermelon yield，qualify and nutrient absorption under drip irrigation，the effects of three irrigation water volumes(W1，W2，W3)combined with three fertilizer rates(F1，F2，F3)on watermelon yield，water use efficiency，quality and nutrient absorption were studied.The results showed that with the increase of water volume and fertilizer rate，both the yield and quality of watermelon showed the parabolic trends.F2W3 treatment had the highest weight per melon，which was 6.09 kg，F2W2 treatment was the second with 5.99 kg，there was no significant difference between the two treatments，while compared with F1W1 treatment，it was significantly improved by 40.4% and 38.1%，respectively，The yield was the highest at 44039 kg/hm² in F3W3 treatment and higher at 43566 kg/hm² in F2W2 treatment，and the difference between the two treatments did not reach a significant level，which was significantly higher than F1W1 treatment by 18.0% and 16.7%，respectively.At same irrigation volumes，water use efficiency increased with the increase of fertilizer application. With greater weight per melon and yield，F2W2 treatment had higher water use efficiency. In the aspect of fruit shape and quality，F3W2 treatment was the largest in transverse diameter and vitamin C content，F3W3 treatment was the largest in longitudinal diameter，skin thickness and center total soluble sugar content，and the treatment of F2W3 was the highest in edge total soluble sugar content，but，there was no significant difference between the treatments and the F2W2 treatment. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the fruit of F2W3 treatment was the highest，the content of potassium and the amount of nutrient accumulation in the fruit of F3W3 treatment were the highest，except for the content of potassium in the fruit，there was no significant difference with F2W2 treatment. The comprehensive analysis shows that F2W2 treatment has the characteristics of high yield，high quality and high efficiency in watermelon production. So，the F2W2 treatment was recommended as the suitable combination of water and fertilizer for drip irrigation of watermelon，it can provide basis and reference for water and fertilizer management of greenhouse watermelon under drip irrigation in Jinzhong area of Shanxi Province.