配方施肥对刺黑竹产量和品质的影响
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作者单位:

(1.四川农业大学林学院,四川 温江 611130;2.雁江区中和镇人民政府,四川 资阳 641300;3.成都市风景园林规划设计院,四川 成都 610000)

作者简介:

李博(1996-),男,四川渠县人,在读硕士研究生,主要从事人工造林理论及技术方面的研究。E-mail:874327961@qq.com。

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基金项目:市校合作项目(00328801)。


Effects of formula fertilization on the yield and quality of Chimonobambusa neopurpurea
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(1.College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Wenjiang Sichuan 611130;2.People’s Government of Zhonghe Town,Yanjiang District,Ziyang Sichuan 641300;3.Chengdu Landscape Planning and Design Institute,Chengdu Sichuan 610000)

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    摘要:

    为提高刺黑竹集约化经营水平和制定科学的刺黑竹林施肥管理技术措施提供参考,对提高刺黑竹产量和品质最佳的氮磷钾施肥量进行研究,以5年生刺黑竹为试验材料,采用正交试验设计L10(34),于2018年的3、6、9月均匀施肥,每次施肥量分别为全年施肥量的30%、40%、30%。施肥处理均能显著提高刺黑竹的产量与品质。施肥能显著提升竹笋出笋数与产量,分别提升了41.6%~138.9%、119.4%~215.9%;氮、磷、钾肥施入量分别为500.8、310.5、233.2 kg/hm2时,刺黑竹产量最高。施肥能提高可溶性糖含量29.1%~54.2%、粗脂肪含量8.5%~73.0%、粗纤维含量10.5%~56.8%、粗蛋白含量45.1%~78.4%以及总氨基酸含量1.5%~14.3%;氮、磷、钾肥施入量分别为474.3、301.2、154.5 kg/hm2时,刺黑竹综合品质最好。刺黑竹高产优质的氮、磷、钾肥施入量分别为474.3~500.8、301.2~310.5、154.5~233.2 kg/hm2,其高产优质条件下土壤速效氮、磷和钾元素比例为100∶22∶258。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the Chimonobambusa neopurpurea’s intensive management level and provide reference for the scientific fertilize management measures,explore the application amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium to increase the yield and the best quality,an experiment was conducted using 5-year-old thorny black bamboo as the experimental material.Orthogonal experiment design L10 (34) was adopted.The fertilizer was applied evenly in March,June and September of 2018,and the fertilizer applied was 30%,40% and 30% of the annual fertilizer applied,respectively.Fertilizer treatment significantly improved the yield and quality of Chimonobambusa neopurpurea.The number and yield of bamboo shoots for treatments with fertilization were increased by 41.6%~138.9% and 119.4%~215.9%,respectively.When nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were 500.8,310.5 and 233.2 kg/hm2,respectively,the highest yield was obtained.Fertilizer increased soluble sugar content by 29.1%~54.2%,crude fat content by 8.5%~73.0%,crude fiber content by 10.5%~56.8%,crude protein content by 45.1%~78.4%,and total amino acid content by 1.5%~14.3%.When nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were 474.3,301.2 and 154.5 kg/hm2,the comprehensive quality of bamboo was the best.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer inputs of high yield and high quality were 474.3~500.8,301.2~310.5,154.5~233.2 kg/hm2,respectively,and the ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium elements in the soil under the conditions of high yield and high quality was 100∶22∶258.

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李博,唐毓佐,任永胜,李贤伟,范川.配方施肥对刺黑竹产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(2):178-184.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-02-12
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2020-04-06
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-05-17
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