Aiming at the problems of widespread continuous cropping of spring wheat，and excessive reliance on chemical fertilizers in the Hexi irrigation areas，a study was conducted to explore the potential of green manure which multiple cropped with previous wheat on substitution of chemical N fertilizer and improvement of grain yield of next wheat.Thus it can provide theoretical basis to establish a green manure multiple cropped with chemical fertilizer reduced wheat production system in the testing area.In 2018～2019，the field experiments were set up with four levels of green manure turnover(0，15000，30000 and 45000 kg/hm²)and two levels of nitrogen application(0，180 kg/hm²)in the Hexi Oasis irrigation district，and the dry matter accumulation and yield composition of wheat were studied to reveal the short-term potential of green manure to replace chemical fertilizer.The results showed that in the first year of planting green manure，returning green manure to the field at 15000，30000 and 45000 kg/hm² could replace chemical nitrogen fertilizers at 11.3%，18.5% and 36.5%，respectively.The grain yields of the two treatments with 180 kg/hm² of nitrogen and 30000 kg/hm² of green manure returned to the field and 45000 kg/hm² of green fertilizer without nitrogen were not significantly different，which increased 18.4% and 15.7%，respectively，compared with the non-replanted green manure.The harvest index increased by 13.0% and 12.6%，the number of ears increased by 13.8% and 14.1%，and the number of ears increased by 26.8% and 15.9%，respectively.The dry matter accumulation and accumulation rate of 180 kg/hm² nitrogen combined with 30000 kg/hm² green manure returned to the field were significantly higher than those of other treatments.Path analysis showed that the combined application of green manure and chemical fertilizers mainly increased the number of effective spikes，and further increased the number of spikes per ear and thousand kernel weight，which increased yield.It indicated that the application of 180 kg/hm² of nitrogen combined with 30000 kg/hm² of green manure returned to the field had an effect on regulating yield by optimizing the effective ear number，the number of spikes per ear and thousand kernel weight of wheat.To sum up，applying 180 kg/hm² of nitrogen and 30000 kg/hm² of green manure to the field is a feasible measure for increasing wheat yield in Hexi irrigation area.