有机肥替代化肥对京郊夏播青贮玉米生长与饲料品质的影响
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作者单位:

(1.北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站,北京 100079;2.中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院土壤和水科学系/农业农村部华北耕地保育实验室,北京 100193)

作者简介:

熊波(1980-),男,甘肃人,高级农艺师,大学本科,主要从事农业机械化装备研究与技术推广。E-mail:bobosport@126.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:农业农村部主要农作物生产全程机械化示范项目;北京市农业废弃物资源化循环利用机械化技术示范推广项目;十二·五科技支撑计划“北方城郊环保型多功能生态农业模式研究与示范”(2014BAD14B03)。


Effects of organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizer on the growth and quality of summer silage maize in Beijing suburbs
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Affiliation:

(1.Beijing Agricultural Machinery Test and Appraisal Extension Station,Beijing 100079;2.Department of Soil and Water Science,College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation(North China)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100193)

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    摘要:

    青贮玉米是当前玉米生产中的重要形式,有机肥替代化肥是提高青贮玉米生产效益的重要途径。本研究旨在通过田间试验为青贮玉米生产中实施有机肥替代化肥行动提供实验依据。试验设置4个处理:(1)100%化肥N,(2)70%化肥N+30%有机肥N,(3)40%化肥N+60%有机肥N,(4)100%有机肥N。测定指标包括生育期内植株生长状况(株高、叶绿素含量、叶面积系数、干物质积累)和收获期青贮玉米产量与品质指标,得到以下结果:(1)对植株生长而言,有机肥替代化肥不影响株高和叶绿素含量,显著影响叶面积系数、茎叶含N量和干物质产量;(2)对于青贮玉米品质而言,有机肥替代化肥能够提高整株粗蛋白含量和叶片粗蛋白回收量,降低中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量,提高整体品质。从青贮玉米产量和品质上看,本研究条件下以30%有机肥替代化肥的效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    Silage maize is currently one of the important forms in the maize production.Organic fertilizer Substitution(OFS)is one of the important ways in enhancing production benefits of silage maize.The purpose of this study is,by the field experiment,to provide experimental basis for OFS in the silage maize production.There were 4 treatments in the experiment:(1)100% chemical fertilizer N,(2)70% chemical fertilizer N+30% organic fertilizer N,(3)40% chemical fertilizer N+60% organic fertilizer N,and(4)100% organic fertilizer N.During the growth season,plant growth parameters(plant height,SPAD,leaf area index,dry mass accumulation),and yield and quality of silage maize at harvest were measured.The results showed that:(1)For plant growth,organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizer had no impact on plant height and SPAD value,but significantly affected leaf area index,N content in stems and leaves,and dry mass yield;(2)For quality of silage maize,organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizer improved the crude protein content in the whole plant and leaves,reduced the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content,and improved the integral quality of the silage maize.In summary,the 30% OFS is the best way in this study.

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熊波,王琛,张莉,滕飞,李震,李传友,刘京蕊,常晓莲,赵谦,李贵桐.有机肥替代化肥对京郊夏播青贮玉米生长与饲料品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(3):141-147.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-16
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2020-05-09
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-07-29
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