The mid-infrared spectrum(2.5～25 μm)is highly sensitive to the internal molecular vibration of soil organic matter.The prediction of soil organic matter content based on mid-infrared spectroscopy technology is an emerging research direction and hotspot in soil science.The paper comprehensively summarizes the development and application of soil organic matter content prediction methods based on mid-infrared spectroscopy by means of literature review.Firstly，the paper briefly reviewed the research on the correlation between mid-infrared spectroscopy and soil organic matter molecular composition.The advantages and limitations of indoor desktop，handheld and airborne mid-infrared spectroscopy equipment for prediction of soil organic matter content，coupled with the accuracy and stability of mid-infrared，near-infrared，visible-near-infrared spectroscopy and their spectral combinations are compared and analyzed.Secondly，the paper summarizes and analyzes the research progress of soil organic matter content modeling methods based on mid-infrared spectroscopy，as well as the effects of pre-processing such as soil sample preparation，spectral mathematical transformation，and selection of sensitive bands on the accuracy of soil organic matter content prediction.Finally，the problems and development trends in the prediction of soil organic matter content based on mid-infrared spectroscopy are put forward in order to provide references for measurement of soil organic matter content.