Silicon(Si)is considered to be the fourth largest element after N，P，and K.Silicon fertilizer is beneficial to promote the growth of crops and improve soil environment.In order to provide a certain reference for the research on the utilization of Si fertilizer，through the method of literature review，under the conditions of adverse environment，the regulation effects on low temperature stress and water stress，the control effect on plant diseases，and the mitigation effect on heavy metal stress of Si fertilizer are elaborated.Based on the existing research results，increasing the application of Si fertilizer can improve plants’ ability of resistance to salt stress，heavy metal stress，low temperature stress and disease.Further more，different types of Si fertilizer have different regulation effects，and the better effects could be gained by coupling other fertilizers or agronomic measures.Finally，some suggestions about Si fertilizer utilization are put forward in the future research:(1)strengthen the research on the related mechanism of Si fertilizer，such as how silicon improves the soil microenvironment，or the mechanism of the transportation and accumulation of the nano Si material in plants and its effect on plants；(2)carry out the coupling research on the safe utilization of Si fertilizer and unconventional water resources，for example，how to use the characteristics of Si fertilizer to solve the problems of brackish water irrigation and reclaimed water irrigation as well as their coupling irrigation；(3)strengthen Si fertilizer research on the improvement effect of product quality.