宁夏中部压砂区表层土壤离子分布及盐分类型预测
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作者单位:

(1.宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏 银川 750021;2.宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021;3.教育部旱区现代农业水资源高效利用工程研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021)

作者简介:

马波(1981-),男,宁夏彭阳人,副教授,博士,主要从事旱区节水灌溉理论与技术研究。E-mail:slxboma-34@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:宁夏自然科学基金(NZ13007);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程学科)项目(NXYLXK2021A03);宁夏重点研发计划(2019BEH03010);国家自然科学基金(51869023)。


Soil ions distribution and salinity types prediction of surface layer of gravel mulched region of middle of Ningxia
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(1.College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021;2.Ningxia Research Center of Technology on Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resource Regulation,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021;3.Efficient Use of Water Resources in Arid Modern Agriculture Ministry of Educational Engineering Research Center,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021)

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    摘要:

    为探明宁夏环香山压砂区盐碱地表层土壤离子分布主要影响因素及盐分类型,研究选取覆盖状况、地面倾角和海拔3 个因素,对0 ~ 20 cm 表层土壤离子分布、盐分存在形式及钠吸附比(SAR)进行研究。结果表明:(1)覆盖状况对土壤表层离子含量有显著影响,地面倾角对HCO3- 影响显著,海拔对Mg2+ 有显著影响,裸地Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、Cl- 和SO42- 含量依次比压砂地高0% ~ 284.21%、100% ~ 130.53%、33.33% ~ 48.94%、18.01% ~ 182.26%、111.94% ~ 468.72% 和102.74% ~ 118.82%,而CO32-、HCO3- 含量压砂覆盖比裸地分别高77.08% ~ 400% 和24.52% ~ 48.09%;(2)阳离子之间除K+ 与Ca2+、Mg2+ 具有显著正相关外其余都极显著正相关,阴离子Cl- 和SO42-,CO32- 和HCO3- 呈极显著正相关,其余都呈负相关或不显著正相关,阳离子与Cl- 均呈极显著正相关,与SO42- 除K+ 外其余均呈极显著正相关,阳离子与CO32- 和HCO3- 呈负相关或不显著正相关;(3)该区域表层土壤盐分主要以NaCl、KCl、CaCl2、MgCl2、CaSO4、MgSO4 和Na2SO4 的形式存在,按照摩尔量计,盐分含量排序为:Na+ 盐>Mg2+ 盐>Ca2+ 盐>K+ 盐;(4)覆盖状况对土壤表层SAR 影响显著,地面倾角随海拔变化对土壤SAR 没有显著影响,压砂地SAR 为3.99(mol/kg)0.5,裸地为10.73(mol/kg)0.5。宁夏环香山压砂区0 ~ 20 cm 埋深土壤离子分布主要受到覆盖状况和地面倾角的影响,除K+ 外,其他离子受海拔的影响不明显,盐分主要是Na+盐,其次是Mg2+ 盐,K+ 盐含量最少。

    Abstract:

    The object was to explore the main effect factors and salinity type of topsoil of gravel-mulched region saline and alkaline land,in the middle region of Ningxia province,China.The soil ions distribution,salinity existence form and sodium absorption ratio(SAR)of 0 ~ 20 cm depth soil affected by coverage conditions(gravel-mulched,bare land),ground tilt angle(<2°,>2°)and altitude(1567.4 ~ 1582.7 m)were analyzed.Main conclusions were as follows:(1)Coverage conditions were significant(P<0.05)to soil ions of surface layer,and the ground tilt angle was significant(P<0.05)to HCO3-,altitude was obvious significant(P<0.05)to Mg2+; Ca2+,Mg2+,K+,Na+,Cl- and SO42-’s contents of bare land were higher than those of gravel-mulched field by 0% ~ 284.21%,100% ~ 130.53%,33.33% ~ 48.94%,18.01% ~ 182.26%,111.94% ~ 468.72% and 102.74% ~ 118.82%,respectively; CO32- and HCO3-’s contents of gravel-mulched field were higher than those of bare land by 77.08% ~ 400% and 24.52% ~ 48.09%,respectively.(2)The relationships among different salt cations were extremely significant,and it was significantly positive correlation each other except K+ with Ca2+ and Mg2+; Cl- and SO42-,CO32-and HCO3- were extremely significantly positive correlated,and the relationships of other anions were negative correlation or non-significant correlation. All cations had extremely significantly positive correlation with Cl-,and had extremely significantly positive correlation with SO42- except K+,and all cations were negative correlated or non-significantly correlated with CO32- and HCO3-.(3)The main salinity of soil surface layer of Huanxiangshan gravel-mulched area in Ningxia was NaCl,KCl,CaCl2,MgCl2,CaSO4,MgSO4 and Na2SO4,and the rank of salt contents was Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+.(4)Coverage conditions was obviously significant to SAR of soil surface layer,SAR of gravel-mulched field was 3.99(mol/kg)0.5 and bare land was 10.73(mol/kg)0.5.It can be concluded that the main effect factors of soil ions distribution and SAR is human activity in Huanxiangshan gravel-mulched area of Ningxia and coverage conditions and ground tilt angle has evident effect on 0 ~ 20 cm depth soil ions distribution and SAR,and altitude hasn’t evident effect. The main salinity is Na+ salt,next is Mg2+ salt,and K+ salt is the minimum.

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马波,田军仓.宁夏中部压砂区表层土壤离子分布及盐分类型预测[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(5):1-9.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-02
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  • 录用日期:2020-08-12
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-11-18
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