不同芥菜品种(系)对镉胁迫的响应
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作者单位:

(1.韶关学院英东生物与农业学院,韶关市芥菜工程技术研究开发中心,广东 韶关 512005;2.华中农业大学园林园艺学院,湖北 武汉 430070)

作者简介:

冯慧敏(1981-),女,辽宁凌源人,硕士,农艺师,从事土壤环境质量评价与土壤改良工作。E-mail:3486017663@qq.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:广东省自然科学基金(2018F030307006);韶关市科技计划项目(2018sn056);韶关学院校级科研项目(SY2018KJ04);韶关市科技计划项目(2017sgtyfz401)。


Response of different mustard varieties to cadmium stress
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Affiliation:

(1. Henry Fok College of Biology and Agriculture,Shaoguan University,Shaoguan Mustard Engineering Technology Research and Development Center,Shaoguan Guangdong 512005;2.College of landscape and Horticulture,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan Hubei 430070)

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    摘要:

    为了解不同芥菜品种对Cd 的响应和富集特征,为芥菜安全生产和Cd 污染土壤修复提供理论依据,通过水培镉胁迫试验,在143 个芥菜品种(系)中筛选出9 种长势较好的芥菜进行土壤盆栽试验,分析不同Cd 浓度(CK、处理1、处理2、处理3 分别为0、5、25、50 mg·kg-1)对芥菜株高、鲜重、叶绿素的影响,总结Cd 在芥菜根和地上部的分布特征。研究发现,(1)品种5 在3 个处理均未存活,其他8 个品种在处理1 均可存活,在处理2 多数品种(品种6、9 除外)可以存活,在处理3 均未存活;与CK 相比,其株高、鲜重在处理1 无显著变化,在处理2 显著下降。8 种芥菜叶绿素对Cd 的响应规律不一致,但多数品种(1、3、7、8、9)叶绿素a 有下降趋势,且处理2 与CK 相比,下降显著。(2)土壤Cd 浓度在5 mg·kg-1 以上时,8 种芥菜均可富集Cd,不能作为低Cd 吸收品种种植;其地上部Cd 富集系数均>1、转运系数均<1,Cd 的主要富集部位在根部,品种3、7、8 在处理2 时地上部Cd 含量(干重)接近100 mg·kg-1,品种2、4 在处理1、处理2 地上部Cd 提取量高于140μg·株-1。(3)8 种芥菜均不属于Cd 超积累植物,但其在土壤中Cd 浓度为5 mg·kg-1 时生物量未受影响,富集系数均>1,具备富集Cd 的能力。可选种品种2、3、4、7、8[即高9、2017442297(血经芥菜)、2017442241、澳洲清甜香油芥菜、香港甜脆竹芥]修复5 mg·kg-1 以下的Cd 污染土壤。

    Abstract:

    In order to understand the response and enrichment characteristics of different mustard varieties to Cd,and to provide theoretical basis for the safety production of mustard and the remediation of Cd contaminated soil,through the experiment of Cd stress in hydroponics,9 mustard varieties with better growth were selected from 143 mustard varieties for pot experiment in soil. The effects of different Cd concentrations( 0,5,25,50 mg·kg-1 for CK,treatment 1,treatment 2 and treatment 3,respectively) on plant height,fresh weight and chlorophyll of mustard were analyzed,and the distribution characteristics of Cd in mustard root and shoot were summarized. The results showed that:( 1) Variety 5 did not survive in the three treatments with Cd,the other 8 varieties could survive in treatment 1,most of them( except for varieties 6 and 9)could survive in treatment 2,and none of them survived in treatment 3; their plant height and fresh weight did not change significantly in treatment 1,but decreased significantly in treatment 2. The responses of chlorophyll a to Cd in 8 varieties of mustard were not consistent,but most varieties( 1,3,7,8,9) showed a downward trend,and it decreased significantly in treatment 2.(2)When Cd in soil was more than 5 mg·kg-1,8 kinds of mustard could enrich Cd,which can’t be planted as low Cd absorbing varieties. Their shoot Cd bioaccumulation factor( BCF) was more than 1 and the translocation factor(TF) was less than 1,and their main enrichment site of Cd was root. The shoot Cd content( dry weight) of varieties 3,7 and 8 was close to 100 mg·kg-1 in treatment 2. The shoot Cd extraction amounts of varieties 2 and 4 were higher than 140 μg·plant-1 in treatments 1 and 2.( 3)All of the 8 mustard plants were not really Cd super accumulating plants,but their biomass was not affected when the Cd concentration was 5 mg·kg-1 in the soil,and the BCF were more than 1,which had a certain Cd enrichment ability. So,varieties 2,3,4,7 and 8 can be selected to remediate Cd polluted soil below 5 mg·kg-1.

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冯慧敏,李海渤,万正杰,吴昊,林昌华,陈晓远.不同芥菜品种(系)对镉胁迫的响应[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(5):214-222.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-05-27
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2020-09-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-11-18
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