太湖地区设施番茄水肥一体化技术增效减排效果评价研究
作者:
作者单位:

(1.中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏 南京 210008;2.宜兴市土肥站,江苏 宜兴 214206)

作者简介:

王远(1988?),男,河南漯河人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事农田面源污染防控和作物氮素营养诊断相关研究。E?mail:wangyuan@issas.ac.cn;许纪元(1991?),男,江苏扬州人,博士研究生,主要从事农田面源污染防控相关研究。E?mail:yzxu_jiyuan@issas.ac.cn。王远和许纪元为共同第一作者。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800204);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010701)。


Evaluation of the effectiveness of water and fertigation on efficiency increase and emission reduction for greenhouse tomato production in the Taihu Lake region
Author:
Affiliation:

(1.Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008;2.Yixing Soil and Fertilizer Station,Yixing Jiangsu 214206)

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    摘要:

    太湖地区设施蔬菜集约化程度高,劳动力需求大,化肥用量大,面源污染问题突出。水肥一体化技术在节工、增效和减排上具有较好潜力。该技术在北方设施蔬菜种植上的研究较多,然而,尚缺乏在太湖水网地区应用效果的评价。为明确太湖地区水肥一体化技术在设施番茄上的化肥减施、增效和环境减排上的效果,通过田间试验,设置常规化肥氮(FD)处理,并在此基础上分别减化肥氮10%(R10%)、15%(R15%)、20%(R20%)、25%(R25%)和30%(R30%)以及不施化肥氮(CK)处理,分析水肥一体化技术对设施番茄产量、氮肥利用率、土壤氨挥发和经济效益的影响。结果表明:在水肥一体化模式下设施蔬菜氮肥减施10% ~ 20% 具有一定的增产效果,其中R15% 处理在产量、氮肥利用率和经济效益上均为最高。与FD 处理相比,R15% 处理可增产6.1%,氮肥表观利用率达41.3%,毛利润增加8.4%,并且减少17.7% 的氨挥发排放。研究可为水肥一体化技术在太湖地区的合理应用和推广提供科学指导。

    Abstract:

    The intensive production of greenhouse vegetables in the Taihu Lake region has a high demand for labor and high fertilizer consumption, making a significant contribution to non-point source pollution in this area.Water and fertigation integration technology has excellent potential for labor-saving, improving fertilizer use efficiency, and reducing nitrogen emissions.This technology has been widely used in Northern China for greenhouse vegetable production.However, there is a lack of evaluation of the application’s effectiveness in the Taihu Lake region.In order to clarify the effects of water and fertigation integration technology on fertilizer reduction, efficiency improvement and nitrogen emission reduction on greenhouse tomatoes in the Taihu Lake region, a field experiment was set up with conventional full dose fertilizer(FD) treatment , non-fertilizer(CK)treatment and a series of treatments with different percentages of nitrogen fertilizer reduction:10%( R10%),15%( R15%), 20%( R20%), 25%( R25%), 30%( R30%).The effects of water and fertigation integration technology on tomato yield, nitrogen use efficiency, soil ammonia volatilization, and economic efficiency were analyzed in detail.The results showed that under the water and fertigation integration technology reducing the nitrogen fertilizer application of 10% to 20% could effectively increase the tomato yield, and the R15% treatment had the highest yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and economic efficiency.Compared with FD treatment, the R15% treatment increased yield by 6.1%, increased gross profit by 8.4%, reduced ammonia volatilization by 17.7%, and reached a high nitrogen use efficiency of 41.3%.This research could provide scientific guidance for the appropriate application and popularization of water and fertigation integration technology in the Taihu Lake region.

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王远,许纪元,潘云枫,马明坤,巨昇容,赵冬青,杨东平,闵炬,施卫明.太湖地区设施番茄水肥一体化技术增效减排效果评价研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(5):268-274.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-10
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2020-09-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-11-18
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