The effects of different planting years(1 ～ 5，6 ～ 10，11 ～ 15，16 ～ 20 years)on soil fertility quality of solar greenhouse in Liangzhou district of Shiyang river basin were systematically studied by the method of field sampling.The results indicated that the long-term cultivation of greenhouse significantly reduced the soil pH，and significantly increased the soluble salt content in soil.Soil pH and soluble salt content were negative by related，soil soluble salt content reduced 1.35 g/kg when soil pH increased by 1.The long-term planting of the greenhouse had significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter，available N，available P and available K.The average contents of available P，available N and available K were 353.67，208.44 and 627.33 mg/kg respectively，which were 21.42，1.85 and 5.54 times of those in open soil.The differences in the pH，soluble salt，organic matter and available N，P，K content of soil among different planting years were not significant.During the 1 ～ 5 years of greenhouse cultivation，and the contents of soil organic matter，available N，available P and available K have increased rapidly，the contents tend to stabilize with the extension of the planting period after 5 years，which may be the main reason why the yield does not increase with increased fertilizer application in greenhouse production.