包膜磷肥对设施辣椒产量、干物质累积和磷肥利用率的影响
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(1.安徽省农业科学院土壤与肥料研究所,安徽 合肥 230031;2.养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230031;3.舒城县农业科学研究所,安徽 舒城 231300)

作者简介:

邬刚(1987-),男,安徽合肥人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事养分资源综合管理研究。E-mail:gangw1987@163.com。

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基金项目:安徽省重点研发计划(201904a06020035);安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队(2019YL043)。


Effects of coated phosphate fertilizer on yield,dry matter accumulation and phosphate fertilizer utilization effi-ciency of pepper in greenhouse
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(1.Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei Anhui 230031;2.Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling,Resources and Environment of Anhui,Hefei Anhui 230031;3.Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Shucheng County,Shucheng Anhui 231300)

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    摘要:

    为探明不同磷肥类型和用量对设施辣椒产量、干物质累积和磷肥利用率的影响,以期为安徽设施辣椒磷肥高效利用提供理论和实践依据。以“皖椒101”为供试作物,通过田间试验,以不施磷肥为对照(CK),设置普通磷酸二铵和聚氨酯包膜磷酸二铵2个磷肥类型,每个磷肥类型包括4个磷肥用量,分别为P2O5 30 kg/hm2(P30)、60 kg/hm2(P60)、90 kg/hm2 (P90)、120 kg/hm2(P120),共9个处理,主要研究了辣椒产量、干物质累积、磷素吸收和磷肥利用率等对不同磷肥类型和用量的响应。结果表明,施用普通磷酸二铵条件下,随着施磷量的增加,辣椒产量、茎、叶、果实的干物质和磷素的累积量呈现逐渐增加的趋势,均以P120处理为最高;施用聚氨酯包膜磷酸二铵条件下,随着施磷量的增加,辣椒产量、叶、果实的干物质和磷素的累积量呈现先增加后稳定的趋势,均以P90处理为最高。在P30和P90条件下,施用聚氨酯包膜磷酸二铵较普通磷酸二铵显著增产10.1%和7.8%;在P30和P60条件下,与普通磷酸二铵相比,施用聚氨酯包膜磷酸二铵可分别显著增加辣椒的果实和地上部干物质积累10.1%、26.6%和6.7%、18.8%,增加果实和地上部磷素吸收13.9%、27.0%和10.6%、21.9%,提高磷肥利用率11.5%和13.8%,增加磷肥农学利用率43.7%和32.0%,提高磷肥偏生产力10.1%和9.4%。本研究条件下,聚氨酯包膜磷酸二铵能促进辣椒生长发育,提高磷素的利用率,该地区最佳包膜磷酸二铵施用量为P2O5 86.9 kg/hm2

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effects of phosphate fertilizer types and input rates on yield,dry matter accumulation and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency of pepper in greenhouse,the theoretical and practical basis for the phosphate fertilizer efficient utilization of pepper in greenhouse was provided.A field experiment was carried out using “Anhui pepper 101” as test crop.No phosphorus application was used as control (CK),and two phosphate fertilizer types were set up (ordinary diammonium phosphate and coated diammonium phosphate).Four phosphorus fertilizer input rates were P2O5 30 kg/hm2 (P30),60 kg/hm2 (P60),90 kg/hm2 (P90),120 kg/hm2(P120),making a total of 9 treatments.Mainly studied the response of pepper yield,dry matter accumulation,phosphorus absorption and phosphorus fertilizer utilization to different types and amounts of phosophorus fertilizer.The results showed that the yield,stem,leaf,fruit dry matter and phosphorus accumulation of pepper increased with the increase of phosphorus application under the condition of ordinary diammonium phosphate,and P120 treatment was the highest.With the application of diammonium phosphate coated with polyurethane,the yield,dry matter of leaves,fruit and phosphorus accumulation of capsicum pepper showed a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing with the increase of phosphorus application amount,and P90 treatment was the highest.Under the treatments of P30 and P90,the application of diammonium phosphate coated with polyurethane increased the yield significantly by 10.1% and 7.8% compared with ordinary diammonium phosphate.Under the treatments of P30 and P60 and compared with the ordinary diammonium phosphate,the pepper fruit and aboveground dry matter accumulation of applying coated diammonium phosphate significantly increased by 10.1%,26.6% and 6.7%,18.8%,fruit and aboveground phosphorus absorption increased by 13.9%,27.0% and 10.6%,21.9%,phosphorus use efficiency by 11.5% and 13.8%,the phosphorus fertilizer agronomy utilization rate by 43.7% and 32.0%,the phosphorus partial productivity by 10.1% and 9.4%,respecively.Under the conditions of this study,coated diammonium phosphate can promote the growth and development of pepper and improve the utilization rate of phosphorus.The region’s best coated applying diammonium phosphate amount is P2O5 86.9 kg/hm2

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邬刚,袁嫚嫚,王家宝,陈俊阳,井玉丹,阮琦琦,孙义祥.包膜磷肥对设施辣椒产量、干物质累积和磷肥利用率的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(6):206-211.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-14
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  • 录用日期:2020-09-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-01-21
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