By exploring the difference in phosphorus(P)utilization efficiency of different wheat cultivars，the P-high-efficient wheat cultivars were screened，so as to provide a theoretical basis for cultivaing P-high-efficient wheat. This study was carried out at the “National Monitoring Station for Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Benefits”. By performing principal component analysis and cluster analysis on 12 P efficiency-related indicators of 27 wheat cultivars，different types of wheat with different P efficiency were analyzed with classification. The results showed that there were different degrees of variation in the 12 P efficiency indicators，and the coefficient of variation ranged from 2.72% to 37.69%. The cumulative contribution rate of the three principal components extracted by principal component analysis was 90.04%，which basically contained the total information of P efficiency. Cluster analysis was conducted on the basis of principal component analysis，and the wheat cultivars tested were divided into three types of P-efficiency. Two P-high-efficiency cultivars Xuke168 and Luomai34 were preliminarily screened out. There were four cultivars with P-middle-efficiency，and twenty one cultivars with P-inefficiency.