烟台市种植业有机废弃物还田对畜禽粪污土壤消纳量的影响研究
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(中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东 烟台 264670)

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周永馨(2001-),女,山东省济南人,本科,主要从事土壤肥料学与农业废弃物的资源化利用研究。E-mail:yx012765146899

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基金项目:山东省重点研发计划项目(Z201901);中国农业大学烟台研究院科研项目(YT201909,YT201807)。


Effect of planting organic waste returning to field on soil intake of livestock manure in Yantai city
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(Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University,Yantai Shandong 264670)

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    摘要:

    通过《烟台统计年鉴》(2011~2020年)对2010~2019年烟台市农业有机废弃物(畜禽粪污、果树修剪枝条、农作物秸秆)资源量进行评估,并测算种植业有机废弃物还田对畜禽粪污土壤消纳量的影响,为烟台市合理利用农业有机废弃物、实现农业可持续发展提供参考。结果表明:2010~2019年烟台市种植面积、农作物秸秆产生量呈下降趋势,畜禽养殖猪当量、畜禽粪污排泄量与果树修剪枝条量呈上升趋势;10年间种植业产生的果树修剪枝条、农作物秸秆和养殖业畜禽粪污排泄量年平均分别为108.24万、205.60万、782.52万t,种植业和养殖业有机废弃物还田分别可提供氮2.91万、2.68万t,磷0.52万、1.03万t。种植业有机废弃物还田减少了粪污土壤消纳量,降低了区域内养殖潜力。在种植业有机废弃物还田的情况下,10年间畜禽粪污氮、磷土地承载力分别降低了33.63%~36.10%、43.56%~46.44%,畜禽粪污氮、磷土地承载力指数分别升高了50.68%~56.49%、77.18%~86.70%;在种植业有机废弃物未还田情况下,2019年烟台市15个县市区中,莱州市、招远市、栖霞市的养殖量不超过以氮和磷为基准计算的理论最大养殖量(土地承载力指数小于1),在还田情况下只有莱州市的养殖量不超过以氮和磷为基准计算的理论最大养殖量。

    Abstract:

    To measure the land bearing capacity(LBC)of livestock manure and provide the reference for the rational use of agricultural organic waste and the realization of sustainable agricultural development in Yantai city,Yantai Statistical Yearbook(2011~2020)was used to assess the resources of agricultural organic waste (livestock manure,fruit tree pruning branches and crop straw)in Yantai city from 2010 to 2019. The planting area and crop straw production in Yantai city showed a decreasing trend,and the amount of livestock farming pig equivalent,livestock manure excretion and fruit tree pruning branches showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2019. The average annual discharges of fruit tree pruning branches,crop straw and livestock manure produced by the planting industry in the past 10 years were 108.24 million,205.60 million and 782.52 million tons,respectively,the planting organic waste(POW)could provide 2.91×104 tons of nitrogen and 5.2×103 tons of phosphorus respectively,and manure could provide 2.68×104 tons of nitrogen and 1.03×104 tons of phosphorus. Organic waste returned to the field from cultivation reduced the manure soil consumption and reduced the breeding potential in the region. The LBC of livestock manure nitrogen and phosphorus was reduced by 33.63%~36.10% and 43.56%~46.44%,and the LBC index increased by 50.68%~56.49%,77.18%~86.70% respectively,when POW is returned to the field in ten years. The LBC of livestock among the 15 counties and urban areas in Yantai city in 2019,the farming volume in Laizhou city,Zhaoyuan city and Qixia city did not exceed the theoretical maximum farming volume calculated on the basis of nitrogen and phosphorus(LBCI less than 1),when the organic waste was returned to the land,only the farming amount in Laizhou city did not exceed the theoretical maximum farming amount calculated on the basis of nitrogen and phosphorus.

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周永馨,王圣伟,何书朋,徐皓,王文飞,邵蕾.烟台市种植业有机废弃物还田对畜禽粪污土壤消纳量的影响研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(6):336-345.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-02-16
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  • 录用日期:2021-09-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-01-21
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