Biochar-based fertilizer is a kind of green fertilizer to realize the resource utilization of crop straw，which has been widely concerned because it can significantly improve crop yield and quality in agricultural production. However，the preparation process of biochar-based fertilizer affects its slow-release，molding and other functional effects，and further effects on crop yield and quality are not systematically and comprehensively reported. In this review，the influence of the preparation process of biochar on the performance of biochar-based fertilizer was discussed from four parts:the raw material，the ratio of biochar to fertilizer，the preparation method and the modification of the preparation process. The review summarized the effects of the types of biochar-based fertilizer，the ratio of biochar-based fertilizer to chemical fertilizer and the application method on its application effect，and forecasted the great application prospect of biochar-based fertilizer in agricultural operation promotion in China. The review summarized the preparation and application rules of biochar-based fertilizer，providing directions for optimizing the preparation process and perfecting the application system of biochar-based fertilizer，and expecting the application of biochar-based fertilizer in agricultural production to develop in a friendly direction.