Forest soil fertility is an important substrate for supplying water and nutrients needed for forest plant growth.Using the correlation method and the principal component analysis method，two evaluation methods are used to study and compare the soil fertility status of artificial forests under different forest types，in order to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management of ecological forests and forest soil resources in the loess hilly region.The study area locates in Qingshuihe county，Inner Mongolia，and the main research object is the 0～20 cm surface soils of Pinus tabulaeformis(Pinus tabuliformis Carr.)，larch[Larix gmelinii(Rupr.)Kuzen.]，mountain apricot[Armeniaca sibirica (L.)Lam]，arbor-shrub mixed forest and coniferous broadleaf mixed forest.The soil pH，contents of organic matter，total nitrogen，total phosphorus，available phosphorus，available potassium and alkaline nitrogen are selected and used as indicators to evaluate soil fertility.The results show that 1)the soil pH is 7.92～9.04，which belongs to alkaline soil. 2)According to the classification standard of the second national soil survey，among the 5 forest types，the total soil phosphorus and available phosphorus contents of the 5 forests are all at grade three，which belongs to the upper middle level.The alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen content is all at the lower level of grade four，and the overall content is low.The organic matter and total nitrogen content for larch forest and mountain apricot forest are at grade four，for Pinus tabulaeformis forest，arbor-shrub mixed forest and coniferous broad leaf mixed forest are at grade three.Coniferous broad leaf mixed forest with higher available potassium content is at grade two，and Pinus tabulaeformis forest，mountain apricot forest，and arbor-shrub mixed forest are at grade three，and the larch forest is at grade four.3)The comprehensive evaluation results of the two evaluation methods are consistent with the trend of comprehensive soil fertility，both showing as coniferous broad leaf mixed forest> arbor-shrub mixed forest> Pinus tabulaeformis forest> larch forest> mountain apricot forest.The overall fertility status of the mixed forest is better than pure forest.To sum up，in the process of vegetation restoration and tending and management of artificial forests，the proportion of mixed forests can be appropriately increased in accordance with the principles of natural law and local conditions.