In order to explore whether Areca catechu intercropping with Arachis pintoi can improve the soil microbial environment of Areca catechu plantation，selected soil samples of 10 ～ 20 cm soil layer under Areca catechu forest intercropping with Arachis pintoi and Areca catechu monoculture，and measured physical and chemical factors such as pHand the content of acid available phosphorus，total phosphorus，available potassium，organic carbon，total nitrogen，available nitrogen，and total potassium.On this basis，the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform was used to detect the bacterial community under 16S rRNA V4 ～ V5 area in soil under Areca catechu intercropping with Arachis pintoi and Areca catechu monoculture models.The results showed that in terms of soil physical and chemical factors，the contents of acid available phosphorus，total phosphorus，total potassium，available potassium and pH value of Areca catechu intercropping with Arachis pintoi were significantly increased.In the diversity of soil bacterial community，the diversity and abundance of soil bacteria in the intercropping pattern were different from those in Areca catechu monoculture pattern，in which the Chao1 index and ACE index increased significantly by 4.95% and 4.60%，and Shannon index and Simpson index increased but with no significant difference，besides，the species richness and community diversity of soil bacteria increased.According to the results of the structure of soil bacterial community analyzed at phylum level，Proteobacteria，Acidobacteria，Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were the dominant phylum in the two groups.At the genus level，the main dominant bacteria were Gp1 ～Gp6，Nitrososphaera，Gaiella，Gemmatimonas and Pseudolabrys etc.The results of redundancy analysis suggested that available potassium，organic carbon，total nitrogen and dry-wet ratio were the main physical and chemical factors affecting the structure of soil bacterial community.Available potassium explained 76.2% of the variation degree，and the interpretation rates of organic carbon，total nitrogen and dry-wet ratio were 3.5%，7.6% and 9.1%，respectively.The interpretation degree of sequencing axis 1 and axis 2 to the variation degree of soil bacteria was 83.96% and 8.71%，respectively，with a total interpretation degree of 92.67%.The difference of soil bacterial community structure in monoculture model was mainly caused by the change of total nitrogen and organic carbon content，while that in intercropping model was mainly affected by available potassium and dry-wet ratio.In addition，Actinobacteria，Gemmatimonadetes and Proteobacteria were positively correlated with content of available potassium，organic carbon and total nitrogen，while Acidobacteria，Chloroflexi，Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia were negatively correlated with available potassium content and dry-wet ratio.There was a significantly negative correlation between physical and chemical factors and the genera of Nitrososphaera，Nitrospira，Gp4，Gp1，Gp2，while Gaiella，Gemmatimonas，Pseudolabrys and Rhodoplanes were significantly positively correlated with physical and chemical factors.Metabolic function prediction analysis showed that amino acid metabolism，carbohydrate metabolism，membrane transport and energy metabolism were the main metabolic pathways of bacterial communities under the two cropping patterns.After intercropping，the functional genes like energy metabolism were significantly increased，while the functional genes of biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoid，flavonoids and beet red pigment，as well as the genes of metabolism of cofactors and vitamins and the functional genes circadian rhythm-plants were significantly decreased.Therefore，intercropping Arachis pintoi under Areca catechu forest can not only increase soil pH，the content of organic carbon，nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium and soil bacteria diversity，but also promote metabolic function of soil bacteria community，so as to accelerate the effective absorption of nutrient elements by Areca catechu root，and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the healthy cultivation of Areca catechu.