In order to determine the appropriate fertilizer formula for local flue-cured tobacco production，the effect of carbon-based compound fertilizer and conventional compound fertilizer on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco was studied. Fertilizer formula for local flue-cured tobacco production in Bijie was chosen. Under the same fertilization level，there were 3 treatments:conventional compound fertilizer，carbon-based compound fertilizer and carbon-based compound fertilizer without top dressing. Their effects on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco，disease occurrence，tobacco leaf yield and quality，tobacco leaf chemical composition and sensory quality were observed. Application of carbonbased compound fertilizer could significantly improve various agronomic indicators of flue-cured tobacco，improve the disease resistance of tobacco plants. The incidence of climatic spot disease and brown spot disease were reduced by 6.7 and 1.5 percentage points，respectively. The output value of flue-cured tobacco using carbon-based compound fertilizer was significantly increased by 5.0% ～ 18.1% compared with conventional fertilizer treatment. The smoke rate of upper and middle tobacco leaves increased by 4.7% ～ 21.4%，and the chemical composition and fragrant taste in the leaves were more coordinated. Compared with the application of conventional compound fertilizer，the application of carbon-based compound fertilizer added with tobacco straw bio-charcoal could significantly promote the early growth of tobacco plants，facilitate the accumulation of chemical substances in the tobacco leaves，reduce the occurrence of diseases，and improve the disease resistance of tobacco plants to obtain better economic value. And the effect of top dressing once within 25 ～ 30 days after transplantation is better. Therefore，it is recommended to promote the application of carbon-based compound fertilizer in the flue-cured tobacco production areas in Weining county，Bijie city，Guizhou province.