Because of the low utilization rate of corn stalk resources，the large-scale chemical fertilizer application has caused crop yields and quality declines. The corn straw was directly compressed into blocks as the cultivation substrate，biochar，organic and inorganic nutrient solutions were used to systematically evaluate their effects on tomato plant growth，photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics，fruit characteristics，and quality. The specific treatments were straw block + inorganic nutrient solution(SI)，straw block + organic nutrient solution(SO)，straw block + biochar + inorganic nutrient solution(SBI)and straw block + biochar + organic nutrient solution(SBO). The results showed that in the early and middle periods of growth，the treatment of straw block with biochar added significantly increased plant height，fresh weight of aboveground and underground，dry weight of above ground，net photosynthetic rate，transpiration rate and stomatal conductance compared with pure straw block treatment. In the same substrate conditions，organic and inorganic nutrition irrigation had no significant effect on tomato plant height，aboveground and underground biomass accumulation，stomatal conductance and transpiration rate，but SBO had the highest plant height，aboveground and underground dry and fresh weight. Compared with SI，the fresh weight of aboveground and underground of SBO were increased by 39.97% and 44.26%，respectively，and the dry weight of aboveground and underground were increased by 20.52% and 40.15% respectively. Compared with pure straw block treatment，the addition of biochar to the straw block significantly reduced the soluble sugar content and increased the tomato fruit yield. In the same substrate conditions，the organic nutrient solution irrigation significantly reduced the organic acid content and increased the sugar-acid ratio compared with the inorganic nutrient solution irrigation. Compared with SI，the soluble solid content of SBO and tomato fruit yield were significantly increased by 4.3% and 11.19%，and the organic acid content was reduced by 31.25%. The principal component analysis showed that the treatment of straw block with biochar added was significantly separated from the treatment with pure straw blocks on PC1，at the same time，the organic nutrient solution irrigation was significantly separated from the inorganic nutrient solution irrigation on PC2，and the SBO treatment had the highest comprehensive score. Consequently，the treatment of straw block with biochar added and organic nutrient solution irrigation significantly improved the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate，increased biomass accumulation in the above ground and underground of tomato，improved fruit quality and increased tomato yield.