The effects of carbon-based fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics，dry matter accumulation and yield of fresh corn were explored by pot experiment to provide a theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation of fresh corn in Guizhou. Four treatments，i.e.no N fertilizer(T1)，conventional fertilization(T2)，carbon-based fertilizer(T3)and 20% reduction carbon-based fertilizer(T4)，were set up to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the dry material accumulation and distribution，chlorophyll content，photosynthetic characteristics and yield of fresh corn.The results showed that both T3 and T4 increased the corn yield，which was 70.43 and 65.31 g/plant，respectively，with no significant difference.The net photosynthetic rate，transpiration rate，stomatal conductance and intercellular CO₂ concentration of corn were all the best under T3，followed by T4；The SPAD value of chlorophyll increased first and then decreased along with the growth stage，and it reached the peak at jointing stage，which was the highest with 54.0 under T4. Carbon-based fertilizer significantly increased the dry matter accumulation of corn in each growth stage.At the harvest stage，the dry matter distribution of corn grains was the highest，with the distribution rate of 22.97%～45.03% under T4. From the perspective of correlation，corn yield was significantly or extremely significantly correlated with transpiration rate，stomatal conductance，intercellular CO₂ concentration and SPAD value.In summary，both carbon-based fertilizer(T3)and carbon-based fertilizer reduction(T4)treatments have promoting effects on the dry matter accumulation，photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of fresh corn，and can significantly increase corn yield.Among them，carbon-based fertilizer(T3)has the better effect.