Farmland in the North China Plain is facing serious problems such as the reduction of soil organic matter content and the decline of soil fertility.Biochar，as a soil amendment for retaining water and fertilizer，can effectively improve soil fertility.Based on field experiments，this study explored the effects of one-time application of low(5 t/hm²，B5F)，medium(10 t/hm²，B10F)and high(20 t/hm²，B20F)amount of biochar on soil nutrients and crop yield of winter wheat in the fluvo-aquic soil region of the North China Plain.The results showed that:(1)With the increase of the amount of biochar，the soil organic matter and total potassium content of the plough layer in the mature stage of winter wheat increased. Although the soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus content did not change significantly，the soil total nitrogen content showed an increasing trend.Compared with the treatment without biochar(B0F)，the organic matter content of the soil treated with medium(B10F)and high(B20F)biochar increased significantly by 20.59% and 37.05%，respectively.(2)The overall performance of the effective nutrients in the soil layer from 0 to 100 cm in each growth period of winter wheat was B5F>B10F>B20F>B0F，and each treatment reached the maximum in the 0～20 cm soil layer，and its content decreased rapidly below the plow layer.The accumulation peaks appeared in the soil layers of 40～60 and 60～80 cm.The application of biochar effectively increased the soil available nutrient content and maintained soil fertility.Among them，the application of low amount of biochar(B5F)had the most obvious effect.(3)Compared with the treatment without biochar (B0F)，the application of low amount of biochar(B5F)significantly increased the grain yield of winter wheat by 17.02%.Therefore，from the perspective of maintaining soil fertility and increasing crop yields，5 t/hm² biochar is more appropriate in the North China Plain.