In order to explore the composition，structure and diversity of bacterial communities in the soil，rice rhizosphere and root endophytic bacteria under different phosphorus forms，and to explore the characteristics of bacterial communities that mediate plant-microbe interactions in rice rhizosphere under different phosphorus forms，using indica rice(kasalath)as the experimental material，collecting low-phosphorus soil in Nanjing for an eight-week rice pot experiment，using high-throughput sequencing(16S rDNA Illumina sequencing)，and combined with soil available phosphorus concentration and rice biological indicators，respectively，rice growth and rhizosphere and root endophytic bacterial microbial community structure and diversity under different phosphorus forms were compared.The study found that organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus treatments significantly increased soil available phosphorus content and phosphatase activity.Compared with the control without phosphorus，inorganic phosphorus treatment significantly increased the total phosphorus content of plants，while there was no significant difference between organic phosphorus treatment and inorganic phosphorus treatment.Among rhizosphere and rhizobacteria，the bacterial diversity of plants treated with organic phosphorus and without phosphorus treatment was significantly higher than that of inorganic phosphorus treatment.The bacterial diversity and richness of rice roots in different phosphorus treatments were both significantly(P<0.001)lower than the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil bacterial diversity and richness index.The main bacteria in different treatments mainly include:Firmicutes，Proteobacteria，Actinobacteria，Acidobacteria，Ignavibacteriae，Chloroflexi.Compared with inorganic phosphorus treatment and no phosphorus and organic phosphorus treatment，the relative abundance of Microbacteriaceae and Streptomycetaceae in rhizosphere soil and root bacteria was lower，and Thermoactinomycetaceae，Ignavibacteriaceae were significantly higher than the treatments without phosphorus and organic phosphorus.Among them，the relative abundance of Bacillaceae in the rhizosphere，non-rhizosphere soil and roots were lower than the treatment without phosphorus and organic phosphorus.The bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere soil was extremely significantly negatively correlated with plant total phosphorus；the bacterial diversity in the roots was extremely significantly negatively correlated with above-ground biomass(P<0.01)，and was significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus and phosphatase activity(P<0.05)；bacterial abundance in the roots was significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus:non-rhizosphere soil bacterial diversity was extremely significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus，and was significantly negatively correlated with phosphatase activity and plant total phosphorus；non-rhizosphere soils bacterial diversity and abundance were significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus，and significantly negatively correlated with phosphatase activity and plant total phosphorus.The results of this study show that different phosphorus forms have significant effect on rice root microorganisms.Inorganic phosphorus has a stronger effect than organic phosphorus，which provides a scientific basis for understanding the relationship between phosphorus forms，plants and microorganisms.