秭归‘纽荷尔’脐橙养分水平与果实品质相关性分析
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作者单位:

(1.西南大学柑桔研究所 /中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,重庆 400712;2.国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆 400712;3.中化现代农业有限公司,北京 100033)

作者简介:

李俊杰(1995-),在读硕士研究生,研究方向为果树栽培生理与施肥技术。E-mail:2393516640@qq.com。通讯作者:易时来,E-mail:yishilai@swu.edu.cn。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0700602,2016YFD0200104);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(cstc2020jscx-msxmX0026,cstc2020jscx-msxm0079);中化现代农业有限公司“柑橘增糖降酸栽培技术研究示范”项目。


Correlation analysis between nutrition level and fruit quality of Zigui‘Newhall’navel orange
Author:
Affiliation:

(1.Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University/ Citrus ResearchInstitute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing400712;2.National Citrus Engineering ResearchCenter,Chongqing400712;3.Sinochem AgricultureHoldings,Beijing100033)

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    摘要:

    通过分析湖北省秭归县‘纽荷尔’脐橙园土壤、叶片、果实等养分水平及其与果实品质的关系,为秭归‘纽荷尔’脐橙科学合理施肥提供理论依据。对秭归县 71个‘纽荷尔’脐橙果园土壤、叶片养分及果实品质进行测定,运用相关与回归分析,建立多元回归方程。秭归‘纽荷尔’脐橙果园土壤存在酸化趋势,pH值平均为4.88;土壤有机质含量平均为 21.51 g/kg,处于适宜范围的比例高达 98%;土壤碱解氮、有效磷处于不足水平的比例分别为 55%、34%;土壤速效钾处于高量及过量水平的比例达 58%。叶片氮处于不足水平的比例达 59%,叶片磷处于不足水平的比例为 47%。叶片钾适量与过量的比例分别为 55%与 38%。秭归‘纽荷尔’脐橙可溶性固形物和果皮厚度均值分别为 14.83%和 4.15 mm,100%达到脐橙优等果固形物与果皮厚度的要求;果实可滴定酸较高,平均含量为 1.59%,果实固酸比符合优等果和一等果要求的比例分别为 24.5%和 38.8%。土壤氮、磷、钾与果实的氮、磷、钾养分之间无显著相关性,叶片中磷与果实磷、钾为极显著相关,与果实氮显著相关。果实单果重、硬度、果形指数、果面红绿色、可溶性固形物、可食率均与果实氮磷钾含量呈显著相关。秭归‘纽荷尔’脐橙栽培管理应重视有机肥施用及酸性土改良,通过速效性肥料少量多次施用来提高土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量,适当减轻钾肥的投入,根据果实养分带走量实现“以果定肥”,进行精准施肥管理,减少肥料浪费。

    Abstract:

    The nutrient contents of the soil,leaves,fruits of the‘Newhall’navel orange orchard in Ziguicounty,Hubei province and their relationship with fruit quality were analyzed in order to provide theoretical basis for the scientific andrational fertilization of‘Newhall’navel orange in Ziguicounty.The soil,leaf nutrients and fruit quality of 71‘Newhall’navel orange orchards in Ziguicounty,Hubei province weredetermined,and multiple regression equations were establishedby correlation analysis and regressionanalysis.The results showed that there was a trend of soil acidification and the averagesoil pH value was4.88.The average content of soil organic matter was 21.51g/kg,and the proportion of soil organic matter inthe proper range was as high as98%.The proportion of soil alkali -hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus below theappropriate level were 55% and34%,respectively,and the proportion of soil available potassium at high and excessive levelwas58%.The leaf nitrogen was low and the proportion at deficiency level was59%,and the proportion of leaf phosphorusat deficiency level was47%.The proportion of proper and excessive potassium in leaves were 55% and38%,respectively.The average soluble solids and pericarp thickness of navel orange were 14.83% and 4.15mm,respectively,100% of whichmet with the requirements of excellent fruit solids and pericarp thickness.The fruit had a relatively high titratable acidcontent,with an average content of1.59%,and the ratio of fruit solid to acid in accordance with the requirements of superior fruit and first-class fruit were 24.5% and38.8%,respectively.There was no significant correlation between soilnitrogen,phosphorus and potassium and fruitnitrogen,phosphorus and potassiumnutrients,but there was a very significant correlation between leaf phosphorus and fruit phosphorus and potassium and a significant correlation between leaf phosphorus and fruitnitrogen.Fruitweight,firmness,fruit shapeindex,red -green fruitsurface,soluble solids and edible rate were significantlycorrelated with fruitnitrogen,phosphorus and potassiumcontents.The cultivation and management of Zigui‘Newhall’navelorange should pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer and the improvement of acidsoil,increase the content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus through multiple applications with reducing amount offertilizers,andreduce the input of potassium fertilizerproperly.According to the fruitnutrients,accurate fertilization management should be realized to reduce fertilizer waste.

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李俊杰,张绩,万连杰,周翔,郑永强,吕强,谢让金,马岩岩,邓烈,易时来.秭归‘纽荷尔’脐橙养分水平与果实品质相关性分析[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022,(4):74-82.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-21
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  • 录用日期:2021-02-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-06-13
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