The composition and properties of organic fertilizers in different decomposition stages are different，and the adsorption capacity of organic fertilizers to environmental pollutants，as well as their environmental behavior and action mechanism in soil will show great differences.In this study，chemical analysis，adsorption and desorption，Fourier transform infrared and other methods were used to study the basic physical and chemical properties of soybean meal，bone meal and shrimp peptide，as well as the adsorption and desorption characteristics of Pb2+.The results showed that the Pb2+ adsorption curves of soybean meal and bone meal without mineralization were in line with the Freundlich model，the Pb2+ adsorption curves after mineralization were in line with the Langmuir model，and the Pb2+ adsorption curves before and after the shrimp peptide decomposition were in line with the Langmuir model.The adsorption process of Pb2+ on soybean meal，bone meal and shrimp peptide in the process of decomposition conformed to quasi second order kinetics.The maximum adsorption capacity of shrimp peptide was 246.01 mg/g when it was not decomposed.The maximum adsorption capacity of soybean meal increased with the progress of mineralization decomposition，and reached the maximum in 12 months(316.42 mg/g).The main forms of Pb2+ adsorbed by the three protein source organic fertilizers are ion-exchange state，hydrogen bond state and complex state.The oxygen-containing functional groups in protein source commercial organic fertilizer may play a major role in the adsorption of Pb2+.Therefore，priority should be given to the application of soybean meal organic fertilizer，but soybean meal，bone meal and shrimp peptide may have the risk of re-releasing the adsorbed heavy metal Pb2+ in the process of mineralization and decomposition.