Chinese milk vetch as a winter green manure has been widely planted in paddy fields of south China，however，improper planting pattern will pose nutrient loss risks.In this research，the effects of rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch co-incorporation on dissolved carbon and nitrogen in surface water of paddy field were studied to provide theoretical basis and technical support for Chinese milk vetch usage and agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control. A pot experiment was conducted with typical red paddy soil and alluvial paddy soil in Jiangxi，and four treatments were set up:no rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch(CK)，Chinese milk vetch alone(MV)，low rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch co-incorporation(LSMV)，high rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch co-incorporation(HSMV) with the same chemical fertilizer application for each treatment.The results showed that MV increased sharply dissolved organic carbon(DOC)，dissolved total nitrogen(DTN) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in the surface water under red paddy soil by 414.3(the 7th d)，575.4(the 3rd d) and 532.4 mg/L(the 3rd d)，which increased by 5.9，14.1 and 35.8 times comparing with CK，respectively.Co-incorporation of rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch reduced DOC，DTN and DON in surface water to a similar level of CK.Comparing with CK，MV increased DOC，DTN and DON under alluvial paddy soil by only 51.9%(the 7th d)，25.2%(the 7th d) and 58.4%(the 7th d).Co-incorporation of rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch also decreased ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N)；specially，LSMV promoted the transformation of NH4+-N to nitrate nitrogen(NO^3-N)，while HSMV significantly inhibited the transformation of NH4+-N to NO^3-N.In conclusion，co-incorporation of rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch should be promoted in rice fields of south China，especially in red paddy soil.