In order to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer，improve the sustainability of soil nutrients，explore the effect of organic fertilizer replacing part of chemical fertilizer on the growth and development of millet，and provide a theoretical basis for reducing fertilizer，increasing efficiency，obtaining stable and high yield of millet，field experiment was conducted under the condition of consistent total nutrients using ‘Jigu 42’ as material.Four treatments were set up，including the control(CK)，conventional fertilization(NPK)，30%NPK replaced by manure (NPKM) and 100% manure (M)，to explore the effects of organic fertilizer replacing part of chemical fertilizer on millet yield，biomass，soil nutrients and enzyme activities of rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil under the condition of reducing chemical fertilizer dosage by 30% compared with conventional fertilizer.Through two consecutive years of positioning test，the yield of NPKM was 6042.3 kg/hm²，which increased by 10.8%，12.9% and 27.2% compared with NPK，M and CK，respectively.Compared with NPK，M and CK，NPKM significantly increased the biomass by 12.8%，5.6% and 33.8%，respectively.Compared with NPK treatment，NPKM treatment increased soil organic matter content by 30.1%，reaching a significant level，and had no significant effect on soil ammonium nitrogen，nitrate nitrogen，available phosphorus and pH value.Soil enzyme activity of NPKM treatment was higher than that of NPK and M，and significantly higher than that of CK.In conclusion，NPKM treatment improved soil nutrients，increased soil enzyme activities，increased biomass and yield，and was conducive to plant nutrient absorption，growth and development of Foxtail Millet，which provided theoretical basis and technical support for Foxtail Millet growth with fertilizer reduction and high efficiency.