粉煤灰与有机肥配施对风沙土理化性质及黑麦草生长的影响
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(宁夏大学农学院,宁夏 银川 750021)

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田超(1995-),硕士研究生,主要从事工农业固废资源化利用研究,E-mail:2258993047@qq.com。

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基金项目:国家重点研发计划“大型煤电化基地固废规模化利用成套技术及集成示范”(SQ2019YFC190273);宁夏重点研发计划宁东能源化工场地固废利用及污染土壤生态修复关键技术研究与示范(2018BFG02016)。


Effects of combined application of fly ash and organic fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of aeolian sandy soil and the growth of ryegrass
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(School of Agricultural Ningxia University,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021)

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    摘要:

    为研究粉煤灰与有机肥配施对风沙土理化性质及黑麦草生长的影响,在施有机肥30 t·hm2的条件下,设4种粉煤灰施用水平:0(单施有机肥)、60、120、240 t·hm-2,以风沙土为对照(CK),进行盆栽试验。结果表明:(1)粉煤灰与有机肥配施后,土壤容重降低,总孔隙度增加,自然含水量、田间持水量、饱和含水量较对照分别提高54.75%~76.67%、28.69%~85.24%、8.57%~26.08%;(2)单施有机肥或与粉煤灰配施后,土壤pH值提高,电导率增大,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量较对照分别增加147.02%~367.55%、165.57%~300.88%、133.92%~165.84%、132.71%~175.68%,单施有机肥处理肥力最高,配施粉煤灰后,有机质及各速效养分含量降低;(3)配施粉煤灰提高了土壤中镉、铬、铅、砷元素的总量,但未造成土壤污染,评价结果显示土壤重金属污染等级为安全,且潜在生态风险低;(4)单施有机肥可促进黑麦草生长,配施粉煤灰后黑麦草长势更佳,与单施有机肥相比,株高、地上部鲜重、分蘖数分别增加12.30%~32.81%、3.49%~39.96%、10.42%~18.75%;(5)通过主成分分析综合评价各处理,配施粉煤灰120 t·hm2+有机肥30 t·hm2后土壤理化性质最佳,黑麦草长势优良,为各处理中最优。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the effects of combined application of fly ash and organic fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of aeolian sandy soil and the growth of ryegrass,four application levels of fly ash were set up under 30 t·hm-2 application of organic fertilizer:0(sole organic fertilizer),60,120,240 t·hm-2,with aeolian sandy soil as the control(CK),and pot experiment was carried out.The results showed that:(1)After appling fly ash with organic fertilizer,soil bulk density decreased and total porosity increased,the soil water content,field capacity and the soil saturated water content increased by 54.75%~76.67%,28.69%~85.24% and 8.57%~26.08%,respectively,compared with the control. (2)After appling organic fertilizer or appling fly ash with organic fertilizer,the soil pH increased,the electrical conductivity increased,and the content of soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 147.02%~367.55%,165.57%~300.88%,133.92%~165.84% and 132.71%~175.68%,respectively,compared with the control. The soil fertility with sole organic fertilizer was the highest,the contents of organic matter and available nutrients decreased after appling fly ash with organic fertilizer.(3)The combined application of fly ash and organic fertilizer increased the content of cadmium,chromium,lead,arsenic in soil,but did not cause soil pollution,the evaluation results showed that the soil heavy metal pollution level was safe and the potential ecological risk was low. (4)Sole application of organic fertilizer promoted the growth of ryegrass,and the growth of ryegrass was better after appling fly ash with organic fertilizer,the plant height,fresh weight of aerial part and tiller number increased by 12.30%~32.81%,3.49%~39.96% and 10.42%~18.75%,respectively,compared with sole application of organic fertilizer.(5)According to the comprehensive evaluation of each treatment by principal component analysis,the soil physical and chemical properties were the best after appling 120 t·hm-2 fly ash with 30 t·hm-2 organic fertilizer,and the ryegrass grew well,which was the best among all treatments.

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田超,刘恒青,李东利,刘少泉,万佳淼,刘智,孙权.粉煤灰与有机肥配施对风沙土理化性质及黑麦草生长的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022,(7):98-106.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-04
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  • 录用日期:2021-04-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-15
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