一株高效氯嘧磺隆降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解机理初探
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(1.江西农业大学生物科学与工程学院,江西 南昌 330045;2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081;3.西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院,西藏 林芝 860000)

作者简介:

韩晓艳(1996-),硕士研究生,研究方向为环境微生物。E-mail:1309838635@qq.com。

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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31670006);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132020009)。


Isolation and studying on the degradation pathway of high-efficiency chlorimuron-ethyl-degrading strain
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(1.Jiangxi Agricultural University,College of Bioscience and Engineering,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045;2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;3.College of Resources and Environment,Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi Xizang 860000)

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    摘要:

    消除农业生产中除草剂残留是现代农业绿色发展的关键,为发掘更多磺酰脲类除草剂高效降解微生物资源,系统阐述氯嘧磺隆的微生物降解途径。以氯嘧磺隆为唯一氮源,从某磺酰脲类除草剂生产厂废水处理活性污泥中分离出的高效氯嘧磺隆降解菌LAM2021。生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列比对分析结果表明,该菌株属小坂菌属(Kosakonia sp.)。单因素试验结果经RSM优化后,菌株LAM2021在无机盐培养基中对50 mg/L氯嘧磺隆的最佳降解条件为:接种量5%、培养温度30℃、pH 6.0,11 h后降解率可达94.6%。利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)对接菌后降解体系内代谢产生的酸类物质进行分离与鉴定,结果表明产物主要为柠檬酸。推测菌株LAM2021受高浓度氯嘧磺隆胁迫,利用葡萄糖产生柠檬酸,通过降低环境pH使氯嘧磺隆发生水解,从而解除其胁迫。从菌株全基因组信息中发现有参与氯嘧磺隆降解的酯酶编码基因。采用液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)对菌株LAM2021与氯嘧磺隆混合培养后的代谢产物进行检测与鉴定,共有5种主要物质被检测到。根据氯嘧磺隆的化学结构式和中间代谢产物特征,推测菌株LAM2021降解氯嘧磺隆的代谢途径为:氯嘧磺隆中的脲桥先水解断裂成2-氨基-4-氯-6-甲基嘧啶和邻甲酸乙酯苯磺酰胺,随后酯键被脱酯断裂成邻甲酸乙酯苯磺酰胺,最后环化为N-醛基糖精。

    Abstract:

    Elimination of herbicide residues in agricultural production plays a key role in the sustainable development of modern agriculture in China.In order to discover and isolate more efficient sulfonylurea herbicides-degrading microbes,and study the pathway of chlorimuron-ethyl biodegradation,chlorimuron-ethyl was used as the sole nitrogen source for the isolation of efficient chlorimuron-ethyl degrading bacteria LAM2021 from sludge sample collected from a sulfonylurea herbicides manufacturer.Based on the physiological and biochemical characteristics,and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences,the strain was considered to be a member of the genus Kosakonia(Kosakonia sp.).The best degradation condition of strain LAM2021 on 50 mg/L chlorimuron-ethyl optimized by RSM from the results obtained from single factor experiment was under 30℃,at pH 6.0 with 5% inoculum,94.6% of 50 mg/L chlorimuron-ethyl will be degraded in 11 h under the optimum condition.The acids generated during the degradation of chlorimuron-ethyl by strain LAM2021 in the mineral medium with glucose were detected and identified by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),citric acid was found to be the predominant one.The degradation mechanism was deduced based on the intermediates and acids production during the degradation process:strain LAM2021 metabolited the glucose into citric acid when its growth was stressed by the chlorimuron-ethyl,then the sulfonylurea bridge was broken under an acidic condition with the accumulation of generated citric acid.Through the analysis of the whole genome sequence of strain LAM2021,esterase genes that may contribute to the degradation of chlorimuron-ethyl were predicted.Five intermediates formed during chlorimuron-ethyl degradation by strain LAM2021 were detected by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS).According to the chemical structure of chlorflusulfuron and the characteristics of its intermediate metabolites,it is speculated that the metabolic pathway of strain LAM2021 to degrade chlorimuron-ethyl is:the urea bridge in chlorimuron-ethyl was broken into 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine,and ethyl formate benzene sulfonamide,then the ester bond was de-ester to ethyl phthalate benzene sulfonamide,and finally cyclized to N-aldehyde saccharin.

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韩晓艳,阮志勇,江旭,周义清,张庆华.一株高效氯嘧磺隆降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解机理初探[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022,(7):228-237.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-18
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  • 录用日期:2021-05-24
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-15
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