植物氮素利用途径中硝酸盐转运基因的研究进展
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作者单位:

(1.吉林省农业科学院玉米研究所,吉林 公主岭 136100;2.吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,吉林 长春 130033;3.吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所,吉林 公主岭 136100)

作者简介:

刘文平(1979-),助理研究员,博士,研究方向为作物优异基因挖掘和功能验证。E-mail:liuwp2000@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(20200402024NC)。


Research progress of gene encoding nitrate transports involved in nitrogen use pathway in plants
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Affiliation:

(1.Maize Resources Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling Jilin 136100;2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun Jilin 130033;3.Crop Germplasm Resources Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling Jilin 136100)

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    摘要:

    氮素是植物生长发育必不可少的大量元素之一,土壤中的硝酸盐是植物获取氮素的主要来源。植物对硝酸盐的吸收与利用是通过一个精密的信号调控网络来实现的,其中硝酸盐转运蛋白在植物体内硝酸盐的运输和分配过程中发挥着重要的作用。通过对氮素利用途径中不同硝酸盐转运基因在硝酸盐的吸收、转运、同化和再利用进行功能鉴定,可以更好地解析硝酸盐在植物体内的吸收机制,从而找到提高植物氮素利用效率的关键环节。因此,综述了植物硝酸盐转运蛋白对土壤中硝酸盐的响应和信号的传递;硝酸盐转运蛋白在植株体内参与硝酸盐的转运、储存和再利用的功能以及硝酸盐在植物育种中的应用,并从对硝酸盐转运基因的单碱基编辑、关键结构域的改造和基因功能鉴定等方面进行展望。综述了有利于揭示硝酸盐转运基因的功能,拓宽植物吸收转运硝酸盐的分子机制认识,为提高植物氮素利用效率、培育氮高效利用农作物品种提供理论支撑。

    Abstract:

    Nitrogen is one of the essential elements for plant growth and development.Nitrate in soil is the main source of nitrogen for plant.The uptake,transport and distribution of nitrate by plants is mediated by a precise signal regulatory network,in which nitrate transporters play an important role in the transport and distribution of nitrate in plants.By identifying the functions of different nitrate transporter genes in uptake,transport,assimilation and remobilization,the mechanism of nitrate uptake in plants can be better elaborated,the key link to improve nitrogen use efficiency of plant can be found.Therefore,the response and signal transmission of nitrate transporters by plants in soil in this paper were reviewed,and the functions of nitrate transporters involved in nitrate transport,storage and remobilization in plants and the application of nitrate transporter genes in plant breeding were also reviewed.In addition,the editing of single base,modification of key domains and functional identification of nitrate transporter genes were prospected.The review is helpful to analyze the function of nitrate transport genes,broaden the understanding of the molecular mechanism of nitrate uptake and transport in plants,and provide theoretical support for improving plant nitrogen use efficiency and breeding crop varieties for high nitrogen use efficiency.

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刘文平,梁烜赫,张春宵,李淑芳,曹铁华,李晓辉.植物氮素利用途径中硝酸盐转运基因的研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022,(7):238-246.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-14
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2021-10-13
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-15
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