In order to promote the recycling of Chinese medicinal residue，improve the yield and quality of Aurantii fructus and reduce the application of chemical fertilizer，the effects of Chinese medicinal residue organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on Aurantii fructus yield，soil physicochemical properties and pharmacological active components content were studied.Results showed that compared with the chemical fertilizer，the Chinese medicinal residue organic fertilizer instead of part of the fertilizer could effectively increase soil organic matter content and pH，alleviate soil acidification，improve soil structure，increase the soil microbial number and earthworms，activate soil available nutrients，it was advantageous to the seven kinds of effective components such as aurantii naringin，neohesperidin，rutaceae naringenin，naringenin and their accumulation，and it promoted the growth of lime trees and Aurantii fructus yield and quality.The yield of Aurantii fructus(93512 kg/hm²)was the highest when the organic fertilizer of traditional Chinese medicinal residues replaced some part of chemical fertilizers and appropriately reduced 50% phosphate fertilizer (F2，N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.5∶1)；Compared with that of CK(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1∶1)，the yield increased by 17.5%，and the total effective components content of Aurantii fructus increased by 39.6%.Therefore，in the process of lime cultivation，it is recommended that farmers apply organic fertilizer instead of part of chemical fertilizer as the base fertilizer，which can increase the number of soil microorganisms and earthworms，promote the recycling and utilization of soil nutrients，and save the nutrient input，so as to achieve fruit yield and quality improvement.