全有机营养栽培对樱桃番茄养分吸收、产量和品质的影响
作者:
作者单位:

(1.西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西 杨凌 712100;2.农业农村部西北设施园艺工程重点实验室,陕西 杨凌 712100)

作者简介:

王归鹏(1997-),硕士研究生,主要从事设施作物生理生态及有机栽培研究。E-mail:18893913040@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:2021年陕西省农业科技创新驱动项目。


Effects of organic nutrition cultivation on nutrient absorption,yield and quality of cherry tomato
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Affiliation:

(1.College of Horticulture,Northwest A & F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100;2.Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling Shaanxi 712100)

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    摘要:

    为探求樱桃番茄全有机营养栽培养分的均衡供应,追求绿色优质的栽培目标,实现樱桃番茄全有机栽培的精准化管理。以“福特斯”樱桃番茄为试材,采用有机基质袋式栽培浇灌有机营养液的方式,设置2种有机营养液配方处理:F1(猪、牛、羊粪浸提液体积比2∶1∶1),F2(猪、牛、羊粪浸提液体积比4∶1∶1),配方混合配制后稀释到氮元素与山崎营养液中氮元素含量一致;3种有机营养液供应量:M1(开花坐果期每次0.6 L·株-1,

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the balanced supply of nutrients for all-organic nutrient cultivation of cherry tomatoes,pursue the goal of green and high-quality cultivation,and achieve precise management of all-organic cultivation,"Fortesa" cherry tomato was used as the test material,organic substrate bags were used to grow tomatoes,and supplement nutrients were applied by watering organic nutrient solution.Two organic nutrient solution formulas were set up:F1(volume ratio of pig,cow,sheep manure extract as 2∶1∶1),F2(volume ratio of pig,cattle,sheep manure extract as 4∶1∶1),the two formulas were mixed and diluted to the same nitrogen element content in the Yamazaki nutrient solution.Three kinds of organic nutrient solutions were supplied with the following quantity:M1(flowering and fruit setting period 0.6 L·plant-1,fruit maturity period 1.4 L·plant-1),M2(flowering fruit setting period 0.8 L·plant-1,fruit maturity period 1.2 L·plant-1),M3(flowering fruit setting period 1.0 L·plant-1,fruit maturrity period 1.0 L·plant-1),and the fertilization time should be kept the same.The two factors were coupled to obtain 6 treatments,and the Yamazaki nutrient solution formula was used as the control(FOM3).By analyzing the dry matter accumulotion,the nutrient content,photosynthetic characteristics and final fruit yield and quality in different periods,the influence of the organic nutrient solution formula and stage supply on the growth of fully-organized tomatoes in greenhouse was analyzed to meet the nutrient requirements of cherry tomatoes in different growth periods.The results showed that the nutrient solution supply was reduced during the flowering and fruit setting period,and the dry matter accumulation of the tomato plants was reduced.During the fruit ripening period,applying 1.2 L·plant-1 of organic nutrient solution each time the dry matter of the plant reached the maximum.Too much nutrient solution supply could inhibit the accumulation of plant dry matter.Decreasing the nutrient supply during the flowering and fruit setting period,and increasing the nutrient supply during the fruit ripening period could increase the transport and distribution of the various organs of the cherry tomato plant and the total nutrient elements of the plant,and increase the photosynthetic performance of the cherry tomato leaves.The organic nutrient solution treatment increased the soluble solids,lycopene and total soluble sugar content in cherry tomato fruits compared with the inorganic nutrient solution.The content of soluble solids and total soluble sugar in F1 formula was better than that of F2 formula,and the vitamin C content of F2 formula was higher than that of F1 formula.Under the same formula conditions,the vitamin C,lycopene and total soluble sugar content of cherry tomato fruits treated with M1 and M2 supply were significantly higher than those treated with M3 supply,and the nitrate content of the fruit was significantly lower than that with M3 supply treatment,and the yield of cherry tomatoes treated with F1M2 was significantly higher than that of F1M1 and F1M3.Therefore,decreasing the supply of organic nutrient solution during flowering and fruit setting,and increasing the supply of organic nutrient solution during fruit maturity can promote the nutrient absorption and transportation and dry matter accumulation of cherry tomato plants,improve the photosynthetic performance of the plant during the fruiting period,and improve the quality of cherry tomatoes. Comprehensive considering of cherry tomato yield and quality,the F1 formula treats the cherry tomato with better flavor quality,and the F2 formula treats the cherry tomato with better nutritional quality.Under the same formula conditions,the yield and quality of cherry tomatoes are the best after the treatment of 0.8 L·plant-1 of organic nutrient solution each time at flowering and fruit setting period and 1.2 L·plant-1 of organic nutrient solution each time during fruit maturity.It can be applied to the high-quality and high-yield cultivation of all organic cherry tomatoes.

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王归鹏,王文元,袁泽南,何佳星,马乐乐,李建明.全有机营养栽培对樱桃番茄养分吸收、产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022,(10):128-137.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-27
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  • 录用日期:2021-12-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-12-20
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