Taking the soil samples from 12 main planting areas of Huai’an vineyard as the research object，the characteristics of soil nutrients and nematode community in Huai’an vineyard were studied by measuring soil pH，organic matter，water-soluble total salt，available potassium，available phosphorus and soil nematode community.The results showed that the average value of pH was 6.35，and the pH of 58.33% soil samples was less than 7.The average soil available phosphorus was 220.97 mg·kg-1，and 100% of the samples had available phosphorus higher than 40 mg·kg-1.The average value of available potassium was 460.13 mg·kg-1，and the samples with available potassium higher than 200 mg·kg-1 accounted for 83.33%.The average value of water-soluble total salt was 4.35 g·kg-1，and the samples with total salt content higher than 0.5 g·kg-1 accounted for 100%.The average content of organic matter was 34.02 g·kg-1，and the samples with organic matter content above medium accounted for 91.67%.Through the analysis of soil nutrient differences in different vineyards，it was found that the average value of organic matter was the highest in Lianghe soil，which was up to 47.84 g·kg-1，and it was significantly higher than that of sand and clay at P0.05 level.The total water-soluble salt in the garden with compound fertilizer was 67.53% higher than that with organic fertilizer，and there was significant difference at the P0.05 level.The nematode community in 12 vineyards was mainly composed of three groups，of which free-living nematodes detection rate for 100%，parasitic nematodes and predators detection rate for 58.33%.Spiral nematodes among parasitic nematodes were the dominant groups in this survey，and the detection rate in 12 vineyards was 41.67%.The correlation coefficients of available potassium were 0.668 and 0.706，respectively，while the correlation coofficient with parasitic nematodes was only 0.319.