In order to explore the optimal nitrogen application rate of wheat under the wheat and faba bean intercropping system，and establish the nitrogen management strategy of crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency enhance in the intercropping system，analyzed the effects of yield，nitrogen use efficiency，the optimal nitrogen application rate and recommended threshold of yield and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat and faba bean intercropping were，and discussed the key soil factors for improving wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency through 2 years of field positioning test under four different nitrogen levels(including N 0，90，180，270 kg/hm²) . The results showed that under the four nitrogen application levels，compared with monocropped wheat，the yield and stability index，the nitrogen apparent and agronomic use efficiency and partial productivity of intercropped treatment were increased by 22.12%，3.68%，18.44%，9.64% and 21.14% on average，respectively，while the land equivalent ratio was 1.13. The results of regression analysis showed that the maximum yield of intercropped wheat increased by 18.76% compared with monocropped treatment and the corresponding nitrogen application rate decreased by 3.28%. Compared with monoculture，the intercropped nitrogen application rate decreased by 9.40%～12.22% and the intercropped yield increased by 18.20%，and the recommended threshold of nitrogen fertilizer for intercropping was 90～117 and 101～128 kg/hm² for monocropped wheat while taking 85%～90% of the relative yield of wheat monoculture as the recommended threshold standard of nitrogen fertilizer application. For yield and nitrogen use efficiency，the optimal nitrogen application rate was 133 and 106 kg/hm²，respectively，for monocropped and intercropped wheat，which could increase wheat yield and ensure nitrogen application efficiency. The structural equation model analysis showed that nitrate nitrogen was the key soil factors to improve nitrogen use efficiency in intercropping system.