The wheat is a plant with fibrous root. Its root system consists of radicle(seed root)，nodal root(secondary root)and lateral root.Lateral root development of plants is not only controlled by genetic factors，but also affected by environmental factors. The study of investigating the development of lateral roots and nitrogen uptake in plants as influenced by local nitrate supply could provide technical support and theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of wheat varieties and increasing nitrogen absorption efficiency. Four wheat cultivars including H10，L14，Hengguan 35 and Shimai 15，were selected as the tested crops. Pot experiment was conducted with three nitrogen application rates of 0，94.5，473.5 kg/hm² to study their effects on biomass and aboveground nitrogen accumulation in different varieties of wheat. Nutrient solution split-root culture experiment was conducted with six treatments in two sides with nitrate supply levels of 0/0，0/2.5，0/50，2.5/2.5，2.5/50 and 50/50 mmol/L. The.results.showed.that:(1)the biomass and nitrogen accumulation in four varieties of wheat shoots were different under three nitrogen applications. H10 and Hengguan35 had higher biomass and nitrogen accumulation in shoots with the high nitrate treatment. L14 and Shimai 15 had higher biomass and nitrogen accumulation in shoots with the no nitrate treatment.(2)Under the addition of 50.0 mmol/L nitrate in both compartments，dry matter weight and nitrogen concentration of wheat shoots were higher in comparison to those without nitrate supply. More root biomass and lateral root density of Hengguan 35 were in the compartment with 2.50 mmol/L nitrate treatment than those without nitrate addition，while for the wheat cultivar L14，the 50.0 mmol/L nitrate increased root biomass and lateral root density in the nitrogen applied side. In the side with 2.50 mmol/L nitrate application，total lateral root length and average lateral root length of three wheat genotypes H10，Hengguan 35 and Simai 15 were higher than those of no nitrogen side. The stimulatory effect of 2.50 mmol/L nitrate on lateral root elongation was the highest in Shimai 15. Compared with the side without nitrate，total lateral root length and average lateral root length of four wheat genotypes were longer in the side with 50.0 mmol/L nitrate application. The highest increase of lateral root elongation under 50.0 mmol/L nitrate treatment was found in H10.(3)In the root split treatments，nitrogen concentration in wheat shoots was positively correlated with the increase rates of the average lateral roots length induced by nitrate supply，suggesting that localized nitrate supply could stimulate later root elongation of wheat，which would benefit plant nitrogen uptake. Local supply of nitrate obviously promoted the elongation of the lateral roots of wheat，and the induction effect was different between four wheat varieties. The greater inducing effect could benefit for nitrogen accumulation of wheat plants.