The effects of potassium chloride(KCl)and potassium sulfate(K2SO4)on the accumulation of mineral elements in rhizosphere soil of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for the selection and application of potassium fertilizer in the cultivation of P. polyphylla var.yunnanensis. Pot experiment was conducted. Taking P. polyphylla var.yunnanensis as the control(CK)without potassium fertilizer，five fertilization treatments were set up with the combined application ratio of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate as 100∶0，75∶25，50∶50，25∶75 and 0∶100，respectively. The mineral elements in rhizome and rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var.yunnanensis were digested by microwave，and determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS)and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The results showed that，compared with CK，the application of KCl and K2SO4 increased the accumulation of mineral elements in rhizome and rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis，and the effects were increased with the increase of potassium application level. The accumulation of mineral elements in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis showed as the law of“rise-drop-rise-rise”under the different proportions of two kinds of potassium fertilizer.K2SO4 increased the content of mineral elements in rhizome and rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis more than that of KCl. In order to reduce the risk of excessive accumulation of toxic and harmful mineral elements in P. polyphylla var.yunnanensis and consider the economy of potassium chloride，potassium fertilizer can be applied in the proportion of 25∶75 of KCl and K2SO4 when planting P. polyphylla var.yunnanensis.