The effects of Chinese milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer on rice yield were quantitatively analyzed to provide a scientific basis for the popularization and application of such combination in rice fields.The overall effect of Chinese milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer on rice yield was determined by collecting and collating published experimental data and performing a meta-analysis.The effects of rice planting pattern，chemical fertilizer ratio，milk vetch overturning amount，fertilizer amount，and soil physical and chemical properties on the yield increase of Chinese milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer were quantitatively analyzed.The results showed that，compared with chemical fertilizer，Chinese milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer significantly increased rice yield by 4.47%(95%CI，3.16%～5.77%).The yield increase rate of single-crop rice was 4.89%(95%CI，3.01%～6.76%)，and that of double-crop rice was 4.06%(95%CI，2.26%～5.87%).The yield increase rate of rice increased gradually with the increase of the ratio of chemical fertilizer.When the ratio of chemical fertilizer was less than 0.4，rice yield decreased by 4.58%(95%CI，-2.26%～-5.87%).The yield increase rate of rice first increased and then decreased with the increase of the amount of Chinese milk vetch overturn，and the yield increase rate was higher when the amount of Chinese milk was 22500～37500 kg/hm².The yield increase rate of rice was the highest when the application of N，P and K was more than 180，30～60 and 60～120 kg/hm²，respectively. The rice yield increase rate of Chinese milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer was the highest when the soil organic matter content was less than 20 g/kg，soil total nitrogen content was less than 1.5 g/kg，soil available phosphorus content was 10～20 mg/kg，soil available potassium content was less than 50 mg/kg，and pH 6.5～7.5.In conclusion，Chinese milk vetch application combined with chemical fertilizer can significantly increase rice yield compared with solely chemical fertilizer application，and the effect of rice yield increasing was better under the conditions of low soil organic matter，total nitrogen content and neutral soil pH.Under the condition of Chinese milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer，the rice yield could still be increased at 22500～37500 kg/hm² returning of Chinese milk vetch when chemical fertilizer was reduced by 20%～40%.