The effects of different proportion of organic and inorganic fertilizers，combined with deficit irrigation，on nitrogen accumulation，transport and utilization efficiency of winter wheat，soil nitrate distribution，etc. were studied to explore the suitable proportion of organic and inorganic fertilizers and the corresponding deficit irrigation for winter wheat production，and provide scientific and effective water and fertilizer management for high yield of winter wheat in the region. Two levels of irrigation(full irrigation W1 and deficit irrigation W2)，three proportions of organic and inorganic fertilizers at same nitrogen level(F1:100% inorganic fertilizer；F2:24% organic fertilizer combined with 76% inorganic fertilizer；F3:48% organic fertilizer combined with 52% inorganic fertilizer)were set up. The results showed that the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers effectively promoted the crop growth，significantly increased grain yield，nitrogen accumulation，distribution，and transport after the flowering period. Under W1 and W2 conditions，the grain yield of F2 and F3 increased by 12.0%-28.6% and 16.6%-31.8%，respectively，compared with F1. Under the same irrigation condition，the nitrogen accumulation amount，transport amount to grain，and nitrogen production efficiency of F2 and F3 in maturity period increased by 12.8%-40.4%，11.9%-36.5%，13.0%-31.6%，respectively，compared with F1. Under the same ratio of organic to inorganic(F2 and F3)，the nitrogen absorption and utilization indicators of W2 were 10.0%-28.5% higher than those of W1. Combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved the soil nitrate nitrogen content of different soil layers. Under the same irrigation conditions，the nitrate nitrogen content of 0-100 cm soil layer of F3 increased by 66.4%-76.4% and 1.2%-13.9%，respectively，compared with that of F1 and F2. Under the same organic and inorganic ratio(F2 and F3)，the soil nitrate nitrogen content of F1，F2，F3 under W1 condition at 0-100 cm soil layer was 15.1%，9.9% and 19.9% lower than that of F1，F2，F3 under W2 condition，respectively. 48% organic fertilizer mixed with 52% inorganic fertilizer，combined with deficit irrigation(50%)treatment is the optimum water and fertilizer management for winter wheat to obtain high yield.