In order to clarify the chemical and biological characteristics of fungus residues in different states，the microbial diversity，nutrient characteristics and the correlation analysis of environmental factors were carried out on the waste fungus residue，post-composting fungus residue and lightly simplified treatment fungus residue，using metagomic 16S rDNA sequencing technology，Alpha diversity analysis，Fisher’s accurate test and Spearman correlation Heatmap. The results showed that the abundance of microbial diversity of waste residue(M1)，composted residue(M2)and lightly simplified treatment residue(M3)was significantly different，and the relative abundance of species at the microbial genus level of the three materials reached a significant difference(P<0.001). The abundance of microorganisms(bacteria and fungi)in M3 was the highest，which ranked as M1