The return of livestock and poultry manure resulted in the residue and spread of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in farmland soil，and also affected crop growth and soil animals. In this paper，using the long-term application of manure in farmland as the main research object，on the basis of sufficient literature reading，the residual ARGs in farmland ecosystem caused by livestock and poultry breeding manure in China was elaborated，the focus was on analyzing the pollution and diffusion degree of ARGs in farmland soil，as well as the transmission paths of ARGs from manure source. The effects of manure types and pretreatment techniques on ARGs levels in returning soil were summarized. Some suggestions and prospects for the future researches were put forward.