养分专家系统结合微生物菌剂在大豆上的应用效果
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(1.北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,农业农村部植物营养与肥料重点实验室/中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081;2.河南省周口市农业科学院,河南 周口 466000)

作者简介:

吕慧丹(1999-),在读硕士研究生,主要从事养分资源管理研究,E-mail:lvhuidan1226@163.com。

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基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201001)。


Application effects of Nutrient Expert(NE)system combined with microbial agents on soybean
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(1.State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China,Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;2.Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhoukou Henan 466000)

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    摘要:

    为优化大豆养分管理措施,在河南省周口市和黑龙江省哈尔滨市开展田间试验,研究养分专家系统结合微生物菌剂在大豆减肥增效中的应用效果。试验包括基于大豆养分专家系统推荐施肥量(NE)、70% NE(NE基础上减N 30%,NR)、70% NE+促生菌剂(RP)、70% NE+根瘤菌(RR)、70% NE+促生菌剂+根瘤菌(RPR)5个处理。结果表明,与NE处理相比,单纯减氮30%(NR)的大豆产量降低了14.4%~23.3%,植株氮、磷吸收量在两个试验地分别减少了15.0%~16.8%、16.7%~26.9%。NE推荐施肥量减氮30%配施促生菌和根瘤菌处理(RPR)产量最高,在哈尔滨试验田与NE处理产量相似,在周口试验田较NE处理增产40.9%。相对于NR处理,周口试验田RP和RR处理产量分别提高了7.2%和32.4%,哈尔滨RP和RR处理分别提高了12.9%和6.2%。不同处理对土壤铵态氮无显著影响,RR处理土壤硝态氮较NE处理降低了24.1%~34.4%,周口试验田RPR处理的土壤有效磷和哈尔滨RPR处理的速效钾分别较NE处理提高了89.8%和37.5%。总之,养分专家系统结合微生物菌剂可以增加土壤有效磷钾养分,促进大豆的养分吸收和产量,在保障大豆高产条件下进一步实现减肥增效。

    Abstract:

    To optimize soybean nutrients management measures,field experiments were conducted in Zhoukou of Henan province and Harbin of Heilongjiang province to study the application effect of Nutrient Expert system combined with microbial agents on reducing fertilization rates and improving efficiency.Five treatments were set up as follows:Nutrient Expert system recommended fertilization(NE),70% NE(70% of N rate of NE treatment,nitrogen reduction,NR),70% NE + PGPR(RP),70% NE + Rhizobium(RR)and 70% NE + PGPR + Rhizobium(RPR).Results showed that NR treatment reduced soybean yield by 14.4%~23.3%,and decreased N uptake by 15.0%~16.8% and phosphorus(P)uptakes by 16.7%~26.9% than NE treatment,respectively.The RPR attained the highest yield across all treatments,which was 40.9% higher than NE at Zhoukou and was similar to that of NE at Harbin.Compared with NR treatment,the yield of RP and RR treatments were increased by 7.2% and 32.4% at Zhoukou,while thosew were increased 12.9% and 6.2% at Harbin,respectively.Different treatments had no significant effects on soil NH4+-N;however,RR treatment decreased soil NO3--N by 24.1%~34.4% than that of NE treatment,and RPR treatment increased available P by 89.8% at Zhoukou and increased available potassium(K)by 37.5% at Harbin,respectively,than that of NE treatment.In conclusion,the Nutrient Expert system combined with microbial agents increased soil available P and K,promoted nutrients uptake and high yield of soybean,and which can further reduce fertilization rates while achieving high soybean yield.

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吕慧丹,黄玉波,赵士诚.养分专家系统结合微生物菌剂在大豆上的应用效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2023,(5):8-13.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-04-28
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  • 录用日期:2022-08-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-08-31
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