The loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland threatens water quality and human health.Reducing fertilizer application and saving water are effective measures to reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus.In this study，the effects of different fertilization and water saving on nitrogen and phosphorus loss and crop yield in wheat and corn rotation fields in 2018 were comprehensively studied in the northern agricultural area of Henan province by using the field leakage pond and runoff pond constructed in 2014.The total nitrogen leaching loss was 42.0～81.9 kg·hm-2，nitrate nitrogen leaching loss was 21.5～72.4 kg·hm-2 and total phosphorus leaching loss was 0.05～0.06 kg·hm-2 under three treatments:conventional fertilization(CON)，optimized weight loss(JF)and optimized weight loss plus water saving(JFJS).The proportion of nitrate nitrogen leaching to total nitrogen leaching was 51.1%～88.4%.Total nitrogen leaching coefficient was 7.9%～10.4%， total phosphorus leaching coefficient was 0.02%～0.04%.Compared with CON treatment，JF treatment reduced nitrate leaching by 63.8%，JFJS treatment further reduced nitrate leaching by 17.9% than JF treatment，and there was no significant difference in phosphorus leaching loss among different treatments.Maize season was the key period for nitrogen leaching loss，accounting for 91.8%～94.6% of the whole wheat-maize rotation cycle.In a wheat-maize rotation cycle，the total nitrogen runoff loss was 0.14～0.20 kg·hm-2，the total phosphorus runoff loss was 0.02～0.03 kg·hm-2，and the nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss coefficients were 0.02%～0.04% and 0.01%～0.02%，respectively.The yield of wheat and corn was JFJS>JF>CON.The nitrogen uptake at CON treatment was the highest，and there was no significant difference in yield and nitrogen uptake among different treatments.In this study，it was determined that nitrogen and phosphorus leaching was the main way and coefficient of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in wheat and corn rotation farmland in fluvo-aquic soil area.Reducing conventional high amount of fertilization could significantly reduce nitrogen leaching loss，and water saving could achieve better results on the basis of reducing fertilizer.